1. Ancient Arab history of Asia
Mesopotamia: the cradle of civilization

2. Mesopotamia the cradle of civilization
Mesopotamia is called the cradle of civilization because in there agriculture and animal domestication was developed for the first time.
Mesopotamia was the first to invent writing, irrigation, a low code, advanced methods in architecture (temples , towers, and gardens).

3. The kingdoms of Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia was divided into small city states.
kingdoms emerged like Sumer, Babylon, and Assyria

4. Sumer The oldest of the three kingdoms.
They settled near the Euphrates river and learnt agriculture after leaving their nomadic life.
To develop agriculture they dug canals connected to the river.
They began animal domestication.
They built temples (Ziggurat) that was used for worshiping and astronomical observation.

5. Babylonia One of Babylonia’s kings was Hammurabi
He made a law code which was written on stone pillars and clay tablets.
The Babylonians were great architects , they built one of the world wonders (the gardens of Babylonia and the tower of Babel.

6. Assyria
Assyrians were great warriors, the conquered new lands to expand their Kingdome which brought them more power and wealth.
They conquered lands stretching from Egypt to the Arabian gulf.
They were well trained and had good weapons which made it difficult for other people to defeat them.
But they were finally defeated by the Babylonians.

7. Super star Where is the area known as Mesopotamia?
What are the names of the kingdoms that were founded there?
What were the most important achievements of ancient Mesopotamia? And mention of which Kingdome.