1. ADPC's Approach to Resilient Development: Learning’s from Nepal and Myanmar
International Conference on The Demography of Disasters: Implications for Future Policy on Development and Resilience, ANU, September 2013
Sudhir Kumar, Sr. PM

2. Agenda Introduction to ADPC
Approach to Risk reduction for Resilient Development
Case study from Nepal
Case study from Myanmar
Conclusion

3. Agenda Introduction to ADPC
Approach to Risk reduction for Resilient Development
Case study from Nepal
Case study from Myanmar
Conclusion

4. Introduction to adpc
Established at the initiative of UNDP, UNOCHA & WMO in 1986
Independent international foundation
Inter-governmental charter signed with 9 member countries
Imparting knowledge, experiences and innovative practices
Provides technical advisory services,
Implements projects and undertake capacity building
Regional resource center for DRR, working on 12 themes

5. 2020 strategy SCIENCE SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS
Introduce ADPC’s comparative advantage through its 3 core programmes: Science, Systems and Applications
Present cross-cutting discuss OSPDM project – For example, in Lao PDR on cross-cutting project in all 3 core program areas
Perhaps present ADPC’s comparative advantage through its 3 core programs: Science, Systems and Applications and just on the ‘practical actions’, which may relate better to a general audience.

6. Agenda Introduction to ADPC
Approach to Risk reduction for Resilient Development
Case study from Nepal
Case study from Myanmar
Conclusion

7. Key principles Development, Disaster and Climate Risk inter-linkages
Holistic approach to risk management
Targeting public and private investments
Partnership
Capacity building and knowledge management
Multi-layered as well as coordinated approach

8. Climate, Disaster and Development
Geological Hazards
Modified and Adapted from IPCC SREX, 2012

9. Holistic approach to risk (Disaster and Climate)
Identify
risk
Reduce Risk
Manage residual risk

10. Approach to risk reduction
By superimposing the DRR and CCA framework on the development planning processes identify
Steps in development planning, DRR and CCA needs to be integrated
Measures to be taken for doing
Step 1
Understand the elements of development planning process
Step 2
Understand the elements of DRR and CCA framework

11. Mainstreaming Framework, Philippines
Budgeting
Project Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation
Project Evaluation & Development
Vision
Investment Program
Planning Environment
Land Use & Physical Framework
Physical Resources/ Transport
Economic Activity
Population
Income & Services
Development Issues, Goals, Objectives/Targets
Strategies and PPAs
Risk Estimation
Risk Evaluation
Hazard Characterization/ Frequency Analysis
Consequence Analysis
Disaster Risk Assessment
Development Planning
Source: NEDA, Philippines

12. Agenda Introduction to ADPC
Approach to Risk reduction for Resilient Development
Case study from Nepal
Case study from Myanmar
Conclusion

13. Key interventions : DRR/CCA into Development
Implementation of DRR/CCA inclusive EIA Guideline, Philippines
Capacity building package on Resilient livelihoods for Asia
Guideline on mainstreaming DRR in Education, Cambodia
Guideline on Mainstreaming DRR into Road sector, Philippines and disaster risk information in land-use planning, Asia
Mainstreaming DRR in Public Investment Programming in Sayaboury Province, Lao PDR
Disaster risk reduction inclusion into Housing sector, Sri Lanka
Technical assistance on risk considerations in irrigation, Pakistan

14. Nepal
Source : Oxfam , Nepal

15. Nepal: Background
One of the 20 most hazard-prone countries in the world
Entire country lies in a high earthquake intensity belt and ranks 11th in the world in terms of vulnerability
Highly prone to floods and between , more than 2500 floods cases reported,
Drought, Landslides, Epidemic, Fires, etc
Consistent warming and rise in the Max temp of C/ yr observed

16. Risk reduction considerations in Development Residual Risk Management
Nepal: Approach
Understand risk
Risk reduction considerations in Development
Residual Risk Management
Capacity building
Knowledge Management
Partnership

17. Understand Risk: Hazard Assessment
Earthquake ( 500 years, 250 years, 100 years & 50 years return Period)
Floods (Inundation for 500 years, 100 years, 50 years, 25 years and 10 years Return Period)
Landslide (Precipitation and earthquake induced landslides)
Drought (Pre, during, post Monsoon and Winter)
Epidemics (Diseases and Outbreak)

18. Understand Risk: Climate Data Portal
Analysis of climatological / meteorological, geographical and projection data
Easy accessing historical station data,
Projected future climate change scenarios for:
Filter Box
Assessing impacts and vulnerability in climate sensitive sectors such as agriculture, water resources, energy, health, etc.
Developing adaptation strategies for vulnerable sectors

19. DRM/CRM inclusion in Priority Ministry
National Planning Commission
Ministry of Home Affairs
Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development
Ministry of Urban Development
Ministry of Irrigation
Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation
Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment
Ministry of Education
3 Pilot districts in 3 regions of Nepal

20. DRR/CCA into functions of Ministry of Irrigation
Functions/Activities
DRR/CCA entry points
Responsible Agency
Document/Administrative Order to be revised/referred
M&E Indicator
Time Line
Organizational Setup
Link CCA/DRR in each division/sub-division
Planning Section
DRR/CCA Action Plan
Action Plan Prepared
6 months
Updating of policies, directives and circulars
Incorporate DRR/CCA in policies, directives and circulars
DOI with close coordination with MOI and RID
NAPA, LAPA, Periodic Plan HFA, MDG
DRM/CRM incorporate
1 yr
Redefining of Job Descriptions
Include DRR/CCA in job descriptions
DOI and its subordinate offices
Working Procedures of DOI
DRR/CCA included in Job descriptions

21. Risk considerations in Local Development Planning
District Development Planning Steps
Activities under the Planning Step
DRR/CCA Considerations
District Development Committee (Pre-planning workshop
The DDC inform all key district level stakeholders about policies, objectives, programmes, as well as resources, activities of the Sectoral ministries, and the amount that can be budgeted for each VDC.
How to fill out project request forms for the settlement level is taught.
Policy statement discussion and dissemination should include DRM/CRM issues
The impact of recent disaster on different sectors and vulnerable groups in recent past especially in the district should be discussed
Directives to VDC and Municipalities to include DRM/CRM considerations in ‘Project Request Form’

22. Capacity building
Analyses of existing capacity vis-à-vis mandate of ministries
Defining future desired capacity of nodal ministries, based on legislations and mandates
Technical support to line ministries based on needs
Analysis of technical capacity of national training institutions
Capacity building of national training institutes for long-term support to Nepal
Nepal National DRR web portal
Capacity Development Needs for Strengthening Institutional and Legislative Systems for Disaster Risk Management in Nepal

23. Capacity building…contd
NASC: National Administrative Staff College ; LDTA: Local Development Training Academy; BTR&TC: Building Technology Research and Training Center; CTE&VT: Council for Technical Education and Vocational Training; APFTC: Armed Police Force Training Center

24. Myanmar
Source : ASEAN Sec

25. Approach DRR National Action Plan DRR Institutional strengthening
Development Planning Strengthening
DRR/CCA into Development

26. Hazards in Myanmar
Coastal regions are exposed to cyclones, tropical storms/storm surges, and tsunamis.
Rainfall-induced flooding is a recurring phenomenon across the country.
The whole country is at risk from earthquakes, droughts and fires.
Hilly regions are also exposed to landslide risks and less frequent events include tornadoes, thunderstorms and heat.
Rainy days has reduced significantly in last few decades
In 2008, Cyclone Nargis led to death/ (missing) of more than 120,00 people

27. Key DRR Interventions
National Action Plan on DRR through inter-ministerial process
Disaster Management Law
Myanmar Disaster Preparedness Agency under the Vice-President
Standing Order on Disaster Management
Setting-up Disaster Management Training Center
Strengthening early warning systems

28. Key intervention: DRR/CCA inclusion
National Course on Mainstreaming DRR/CCA steered by Planning Dept and Relief and Resettlement Dept
DRR &CCA issues included into existing planning training programs
DRM &CRM chapter/section in the 20-Year Development Plan (draft)
Risk consideration inclusion into provincial Development Planning on pilot basis
Capacity building on DRM &CRM inclusion at sub-national levels (Townships)

29. Agenda Introduction to ADPC
Approach to Risk reduction for Resilient Development
Case study from Nepal
Case study from Myanmar
Conclusion

30. Conclusion
Risk considerations into Development Process requires medium to long term approach
Government led process
Risk information of usable scale is important
DRR and CCA inclusive approach is important
National training institutions key for sustainability