1. How Are Plants Classified?
Plant Kingdom
flowering plants
plants with cones
seed plants
non-seed plants

2. leaves with netted (branched) veins
leaves with veins running parallel
needle-like leaves

3. Plants to the Rescue plants can be used to make: - clothing - shelter
- food
- medicine

4. Plants Used for Healing
Ginkgo
leaves used in treating Alzheimer’s disease, relieve hearing loss, headaches, asthma
Ginger
used to settle upset stomaches, cold & flu
Pacific Yew
cancer-killing drug in bark of tree
Garlic
help the heart, keep blood vessels working
Foxglove
used to stimulate the heart
Chilies
pain killer

5. All Kinds of Plants nonseed plants – do not reproduce with seeds
seed plants – reproduce with seeds
- plants have
flowers or cones

6. Mosses
Mosses – small nonseed plants that lack true roots, stems, and leaves
reproduce by spores
spores – one-celled structures that grow into new plants
grow only in moist places

7. Spores are the little dots on the underside of the leaf
Spores are the little dots on the underside of the leaf. Plants such as mosses and ferns reproduce by spores instead of seeds.

8. Liverworts nonseed plant lack true roots, stems, and leaves
grow in moist places (ex: streams)

9. Ferns before dinosaurs lived – giant ferns spore-forming
have roots, stems, and leaves
grow in moist places
similar to mosses but with special tubes that carry water from the roots to other parts of the plant
fronds – leaves of a fern plant

10. Horsetails look like paintbrush live in marshes & swamps
reproduce by spores
underground stems

11. Conifers cover much of northern part of world today
cone-bearing plants
have roots, stems, and leaves
reproduce by seeds
keep leaves in fall
needle-like leaves
- ex: pines, spruce,
firs, cedar

12. spruce tree
pine tree
cedar tree
fir tree

13. Flowering Plants have roots, stems, leaves reproduce by seeds
fruit develops to cover and protect seeds
monocot – seeds in one piece (ex: corn)
dicot – seeds have two sections (ex: lima bean)

14. monocot – leaf has parallel veins
- corn
dicot – leaf has netted (branched) veins
- lima bean