1. Ch.6. Geomorphic Processes

2. Exogenic forces Endogenic Forces Geomorphic processes
Originate on the earth surface- Weathering, Mass movement, erosion and deposition
Endogenic Forces
Originate below the surface- Orogenic, Epirogenic, Volcanism and earthquakes

3. Diastrophic forces Slow Movements Sudden forces
These include two type of movements:
Orogenic or mountain building force.
Epirogenic or continent building forces
Slow Movements
Volcanism
Earthquakes
Sudden forces

4. Exogenic forces Weathering Mass wasting Erosion
It includes breaking of rocks on its place.
It does not involves any movement of eth weathered material.
Mass wasting
It include movement of earth material down the slope.
It is caused by gravity
Erosion
It involves breaking, transporting and deposition of weathered material
It s done by various agents like river, glacier, wind etc

5. Mechanical weathering
Chemical Weathering
Mechanical weathering
Biological Weathering

6. Chemical weathering
Carbonation-Carbonation is the mixing of water with carbon dioxide to make carbonic acid. Carbonation takes place when the rock minerals react with weak carbonic acid formed when water combines with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Carbonic acid acts on the rock by breaking down and dissolving its mineral contents. The dissolved materials are washed away by ground water, and the soluble ions are stored in the groundwater supply. Rocks such as limestone and feldspar experience this type of chemical weathering more. This type of weathering is important in the formation of caves.
Solution- Removal of soluble minerals from the rock
3. Hydration-Hydration is the chemical reactions caused by water. Water reacts with the rock and alters the size and chemical compositions of the minerals.
4. Oxidation or Reduction- Reaction of atmospheric oxygen with minerals of the rock, eg, rusting of iron

7. Physical or Mechanical weathering
Unloading : It results in exfoliation or onion weathering.

9. Freezing and Thawing and frost wedging

11. Expansion and Contraction

12. Salt Weathering

13. Biological Weathering

14. Mass movements

15. Land Slide

16. Earth Flow

17. Creep- Very slow movement

18. Slump

19. Rock Slide

20. Soil Profile