1. Report by Steinar Stapnes – CERN
CLIC: from 380 GeV up to 3 TeV
Report by Steinar Stapnes – CERN
Will also study klystron based machine for initial stage

2. CLIC cost and power optimisation
CDR 2012: Cost and power estimated (bottom up, WBS based, reviewed – led by Lyn Evans, including ILC cost experts)
2013: Useful document comparing ILC and CLIC cost and performance (among others) (link) – still valid in most respects
2016: Cost and power update for 380 GeV drivebeam based machine made
Still a very limited exercise:
Optimize accelerator structures, beam-parameters and RF system -> defines machine layout for 380 GeV
Remove pre-damping ring for electrons, scale DB better, some other minor changes
Largely scaling from 500 GeV
Yellow report: New reference plots for power, costs, luminosities, physics, etc

3. Power and energy CERN energy consumption 2012: 1.35 TWh
Power/energy reductions are being looked at:
Look at daily and yearly fluctuation – can one run in “low general demand” periods
Understand and minimize the energy (consider also standby, MD, down periods, running
Consider where the power is dissipated (distributed or central) – recoverable ?
CERN energy consumption 2012: 1.35 TWh

4. Cost and power updates foreseen
Action (v = significant impact expected)
Cost
Pow/Energy
Comments
Structure/parameters optimisation, minor other changes v
Ok for now, 380 GeV at ^34
Defines Civ Eng parameters
Further possibility: lower inst. luminosity or initial energy (250 GeV)
Integrated lum. goal can be maintained, can re-optimise structures
Known corrections needed for injectors and Cooling/Ventilation
Partly addressed for injectors
CV to be re-designed and clear up average and max estimates
Structure manufacturing
Optimise, remove steps, halves
High eff. Klystrons/Modulators and RF distribution
Technical studies where gains can be large
Large commercial uncertainty
Magnets ?
Technical studies and costing in progress
Running scenario (daily, weekly, yearly)
v (energy, op. cost)
Take advantage of demand/price changes, study foreseen
Commercial studies, currencies and reference costing date
Examples: klystrons, CHF, CLIC and FCC will use similar convention, learning curves, cost-escalation
Green: DONE
Beige: DESIGN CHANGES possible
BLUE: Techncial studies (illustrate with following slides)
”BRAUN”: need to define approach
Most of the current CLIC studies are today driven by cost and power reduction studies
As conclusions are reached for these studies new cost and power can be estimated

5. Klystron/modulator efficiencies
For the RF power sources:
Toshiba, Japan:
6 MW, 5 usec pulsed X-band klystron (4 units in operation)
20 MW 150 usek pulsed L-band MBK (successfully tested at factory and delivered).
CPI, USA:
50 MW, 1.5 usek pulsed X-band klystron (2 unit s in operation)
Thales, France
20 MW 150 usek pulsed L-band MBK (under test at factory).
Development of new high efficiency RF power sources for accelerators. CERN/Thales NDA to be signed soon.
Microwave Amplifiers Ltd, UK:
New solid state X-band 300 W pre-amplifies (4 units in operation).
New solid state X-band 1200 W pre-amplifies (2 units ordered).
VDBT, Russia:
6 MW, 5 usec pulsed low (50 kV) voltage S-band MBK with PPM focusing. The first demonstrator of new klystron technology for the high efficiency (in operation).
See talk of W.Wuensch
For the modulators:
ScandiNova, Sweden:
430 kV, 300 A solid state modulator (2 units in operation)
150 kV, 190 A solid state modulator (4 units in operation)
Specific contracts with Univ. Groups for drivebeam modulator development (Zurich, Laval)

6. Intro + motivation
For CLIC a priority is to reduce the electrical power consumption and running costs.
ZEPTO (Zero Power Tuneable Optics) project is a collaboration between CERN and STFC Daresbury Laboratory to save power and costs by switching from resistive electromagnets to permanent magnets.
124 MW projected for resistive
electromagnets alone … 3 TeV

7. Potential targets DRIVE BEAM Obvious targets Likely targets Possible
Type
Magnet
type
Total
Effective Length [m] H V
Strength
Units
Min field
Max field
Rel Field Accuracy
Higher Harmonics [Tm]
per magnet [kW]
total [MW]
DBQ
Quadrupole
41400
0.194 26
62.78
T/m
10%
120%
1E-03
1.0E-04
0.5
17.0
MBTA
Dipole
576
1.5 40
1.6 T
100%
21.6
12.4
MBCOTA
1872
0.2
0.07
-100%
1.0E-03
0.3
QTA 14
2.0
3.7
SXTA
Sextupole
1152 85
T/m²
0.1
MB1
184 80
42.0
7.7
MB2 32
0.7
25.0
0.8
MB3
236 1
0.26
4.5
1.1
MBCO
1061
0.4 Q1
5.9
6.3 SX
416
SX2
360
3.3
QLINAC
1638
0.25 87 17
No data
10.3
MBCO2
Dipole_CO
880
200
0.008
2E-03
2.8E-05 Q4
0.14
DRIVE BEAM
Obvious targets
Likely
targets
Possible
targets
To be updated and agreed in collaboration with beam dynamics team…

8. Potential targets MAIN BEAM Obvious targets Likely targets Possible
Type
Magnet type
Total
Effective Length [m] H V
Strength
Units
Min field
Max field
Rel Field Accuracy
Higher Harmonics [Tm]
per magnet [kW]
total [MW] D1
Dipole 6 1 30
0.4 T
100%
1.0E-04
1.8
0.0
D2 Type 1 12
1.5
0.7
5.8
0.1
D2 Type 2
666
0.5
3.8
2.5 D3 16
500
-100%
120%
3.9 D4 8
0.3
2.3 Q1
Quadrupole
268 63
T/m
98%
1E-03
1.7 Q2
223 45
60%
1.2
Q3 Type 1
318
0.15
36.6
77%
0.9
Q3 Type 2 73
0.2 39
0.8
Q3 Type 3
202 37 ?
0.6
Q4 Type 1 44
0.075
83%
Q4 Type 2
110
16.2
74%
Q4 Type 3
230 18
79% Q5 87
7.6
53% Q6
192
0.36
SX2
Sextupole
520
1200
T/m²
SX1
3000
63%
MAIN BEAM
Obvious targets
Likely
targets
Possible
targets
To be updated and agreed in collaboration with beam dynamics team…

9. Potential targets DAMPING AND PRE-DAMPING RINGS Obvious targets Likely
Type
Magnet type
Total
Effective Length [m] H V
Strength
Units
Min field
Max field
Rel Field Accuracy
Higher Harmonics [Tm]
per magnet [kW]
total [MW]
D1.7
Dipole 76
1.3
160 80
1.7 T
75%
100%
5E-04
37.5
2.9
Q30L04
Quadrupole
408
0.4 30
T/m
20%
11.4
4.7
Q30L02
0.2
8.2
3.3
S300
Sextupole
204
0.3
300
T/m² 0%
1.2
ST0.3
Steerer
312
0.15
-100%
1.5
0.5
SkQ5
Skew Quad 5
0.8
0.1
CFM D1.7Q10.5
Combined Dipole/Quad
0.43
100 20
1.4
125%
2.4
10.5
0.0
Q75
1004 75
S5000
576
5000
ST0.4
712
SkQ20 96
Obvious targets
Likely
targets
Possible
targets
To be updated and agreed in collaboration with beam dynamics team…

10. High strength quadrupoles
High strength Drive Beam quadrupole (tunes 60.4 to 15.0 T/M). Uses 4 NdFeB blocks (18x100x230 mm) with Br=1.37, requires 64 mm motion range.
Built and tested at Daresbury and CERN.
Meets to needs of CLIC DB

11. Low strength quadrupoles
Low strength Drive Beam quadrupole (tunes 43.4 to 3.5 T/M). Uses 2 NdFeB blocks (37.2x70x190 mm) with Br=1.37, requires 75 mm motion range.
Built and tested at Daresbury and CERN.
Meets to needs of CLIC DB

12. Dipole prototype
Focus on the most challenging case (576 dipoles for drive beam turn-around loop).
Length 1.5 m, strength 1.6 T, tuning range %
Settled on C-design that uses a single sliding PM block to adjust field
Advantages:
Single simple PM
PM moves perpendicular to largest forces – can be moved easily
Curved poles possible

13. Dipole Prototype
Sliding assembly using rails, stepper motor and gearbox.
Should cope with horizontal forces (peak >27 kN) and hold the magnet steady at any point on a 400 mm stroke.
Motor
“T-gearbox”
Right angle - gearbox
Ballscrew Nut
Sideplate & Nut Plate Assembly
Permanent Magnet
3 support rods hold jaws of magnet fixed
Can be independently adjusted
Poles held 2 mm from surface of block

14. PM Block Manufactured, measured & delivered by Vacuumschmelze
Magnet block dimensions are 500x400x200 mm, with 4 holes on 400mm axis for mounting rods.
Magnet material NdFeB, Vacodym 745TP (Br 1.38T min, 1.41T typical)
Constructed from 80 individual blocks (each 100x50x100mm) in resin
World’s largest ever NdFeB PM block?

15. Assembly Status
Assembly of prototype dipole started but halted due to safety concerns Assembly procedure carefully assessed and revised. Starting again now with more robust assembly fixtures and greater degree of force control