1. Hyperphosphatemia Promotes Senescence of Myoblasts by Impairing Autophagy Through Ilk Overexpression, A Possible Mechanism Involved in Sarcopenia
Sosa Patricia 1 ;Alcalde-Estevez Elena 1, 2 ;Plaza Patricia 1 ;Troyano Nuria 1 ;Alonso Cristina 3 ;Mart#cod#x000ED;nez-Arias Laura 4 ;Evelem de Melo Aroeira Andresa 1 ;Rodriguez-Puyol Diego 2, 5, 6 ;Olmos Gemma 1, 6 ;L#cod#x000F3;pez-Ongil Susana 2, 6 ;P. Ru#cod#x000ED;z-Torres Mar#cod#x000ED;a 1, 6 ;
1 System Biology Department, Alcala University, Alcal#cod#x000E1; de Henares, Madrid, Spain. ; 2 Research Unit, Biomedical Research Foundation from Pr#cod#x000ED;ncipe de Asturias University Hospital, Alcal#cod#x000E1; de Henares, Madrid, Spain. ; 3 Geriatric and Frailty Section, Getafe University Hospital, Getafe, Madrid, Spain. ; 4 Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Instituto de Investigaci#cod#x000F3;n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias. Red de Investigaci#cod#x000F3;n Renal (REDinREN#cod#x0005D; del ISCIII. Oviedo. Spain ; 5 Nephrology Section, Biomedical Research Foundation from Principe de Asturias University Hospital, Alcal#cod#x000E1; de Henares, Madrid, Spain ; 6 Instituto Reina Sof#cod#x000ED;a de Investigaci#cod#x000F3;n Nefrol#cod#x000F3;gica, IRSIN, Madrid, Spain. ;
Figure 3. Hyperphosphatemia activates mTOR and reduces autophagy in myoblast through ILK activation . A, B and D C 2 C 12 cells were incubated with 10 mM BGP for 24 or 48 hours, and with or without chloroquine CQ, 20#cod#x003bc;M, 4h C. Phospho-S6 pS6, the mTOR substrate, and total S6 S6 A, ratio LC3IILC3I B and C and p62 D protein expression were evaluated by western blot. A representative blot is shown in each case. Bar graphs represent the densitometric analysis of the bands. The results are expressed as a percentage of control and are the mean #cod#x000B1; standard error of the mean from four different experiments. #cod#x0002A; p#cod#x0003C; 0.05 vs control. E and F C 2 C 12 were transfected with the specific siRNA against ILK silLK or unspecific siRNA as a control Sc, scramble and treated for 48 hours with 10 mM BGP. Then, ILK and pS6 E and ILK and p62 F were analysed by western blot. A representative blot is shown in each case. Bar graphs represent the densitometric analysis of the bands. The results are expressed as a percentage of control and are the mean #cod#x000B1; standard error of the mean from five different experiments. #cod#x0002A; p#cod#x0003C; 0.05 vs control.
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