1. Examples, Describe, Explain
Strategy
How it works
Examples, Describe, Explain
How effective
Evaluate
Education programmes
Run by local villagers
Songs, plays and dances
Encouraging people to use covers and bed nets
Simple and cheap
Can engage everyone, even children
Builds trust and community spirit
Must follow all advice to keep safe
Village planning
Keep villages and people at least away from breeding grounds
The further away the less likely people are to be bitten
Helpful but difficult to prevent all bites
Mosquito has a range of 1-3 miles
Breeding grounds are common/ and small sites reducing effectiveness
Insecticides
DDT or Malathion
Spray pond, walls, trees to kill the mosquito
Kills the larvae too
DDT is now banned
Environmental damage
Mosquitoes become immune to insecticides
Reapplication of spray is expensive
Malathion stains a yellow colour
Fish
Loach fish/ Guppies
Eat the larvae before they hatch
Stops mosquitoes hatching
Fish can be eaten as a source of protein
Only effective in larger areas of water (not puddles etc)
Spray stagnant water
Egg whites, Oil
Makes stagnant water sticky
Suffocates larvae before they hatch
Wastes a valuable source of protein
Oil damages the environment
BTI coconuts
Bacteria implanted in coconuts
Coconuts chopped and thrown in water
Explodes the stomach of larvae
Stays in water for 45 days
Only kills larvae that eat coconut

2. Drugs
Chloroquine, Larium, Malarone
Medicine that prevents the parasite from multiplying in blood stream
Full course must be taken
Expensive for developing countries to afford
Malarone £100 per month
Side effects common – hallucinations (Larium)
Some brands not suitable for pregnant women
Genetic Engineering
Introduces a large pool of sterile males
Will reduce female breeding and hatching of eggs
Will take a long time for breeding to slow
Genetic research is too expensive to be effective
Drain breeding grounds
Drain swamps and paddy fields where mosquitoes breed
Helps reduced the risk because mosquitoes cannot breed
Malaria common in tropical areas with high rainfall
Impossible to remove every single breeding ground
Dams
Water trapped behind dams can be released
This destroys breading grounds
Building a dam is expensive
Flushing needs to happen weekly to given the short life cycle of eggs and larvae
Nets
Treated nets placed over beds to stop mosquitoes biting
Can kill the mosquito if insecticide is still potent
Only effective at night time
£5 still to much for some to afford
Need to be retreated every 30 days to be fully effective in killing mosquito
Vaccine
Stops the parasite/plasmodium from multiplying in the blood stream
Reduces symptoms of malaria
Prevents ill health
Builds an immunity to the virus
Still at development stage
2018 will be trial by WHO for Kenya, Ghana and Malawi
Development and research is very expensive