1. DNA Structure & Function

2. DNA Structure and Function

3. Structure Written Response #5: Draw and label a nucleotide.
DNA is a nucleic acid made of repeating subunits called nucleotides
Each nucleotide contains 3 parts:
5-carbon sugar
A simple sugar (Deoxyribose)
Phosphate group
Nitrogen base
Includes 4 different types:

4. Double Ringed Bases: Single Ringed Bases: Adenine (A) Guanine (G)
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)

5. Structure Nucleotides are linked together to form DNA molecules
Twist in double helix joined by weak hydrogen bonds
Sugar (Deoxyribose) and phosphate compose the backbone of the ladder
Nitrogen base PAIRS compose the steps of the ladder
Adenine pairs with Thymine
Guanine pairs with Cytosine

6. Structure
DNA goes through 3 very important processes to code for traits in all cells
DNA replication
Transcription
Translation

7. Written Response #6 How is DNA connected to your traits?
DNA determines your traits.
What large structure is composed of DNA?
A chromosome
What two parts of the nucleotide make up the sides (backbones) of a DNA molecule?
Sugar and phosphate (alternating)
What makes up one rung “step” of the DNA “ladder”?
Two nitrogen bases (A and T or C and G)
What type of bond holds the rungs together?
Weak hydrogen bonds

8. Functions of DNA Foldable
Work with your table partner to create a 6-fold foldable like the image to the right.
Cut the foldable in half to share with your table partner.
Label each fold with the following headers:
Functions of DNA Foldable
Nucleotide
DNA
Genes
Chromosomes
Karyotype
For each of the terms above, underneath the flap, complete the following:
Draw a picture to represent the term
Give a description of the item
Its purpose.

9. Functions of DNA Foldable
For the remaining slides, do NOT copy the information word for word. ONLY add information to your foldable that you do not already have.

10. Function
Nucleotide
Description: Repeating subunits that compose DNA or RNA; made of a 5-carbon sugar, nitrogen base and a phosphate group.
Purpose: Compose DNA, the sequence of bases determines genetic code of an individual

11. Function
DNA
Description: Deoxyribonucleic acid, double stranded with bases (A, T, G, C); contains all the necessary information for life
Purpose: Compose genes, provide info for protein synthesis

12. Function
Genes
Description: Segments of DNA that code for a specific trait; located on a chromosome
Purpose:: Compose chromosomes, code for traits

13. Function
Chromosome
Description: Packages of genetic material; every normal human has 46
Purpose: Each contains specific genes, 23 pairs (one from each parent per pair

14. Function
Karyotype
Description: A picture of the chromosomes in an individual’s body in order of their homologous pairs (23 pairs in human body cells)
Purpose: Display gender of chromosomal abnormalities