1. SKELETAL SYSTEM PART 2 1. REVIEW 2. BONE FORMATION 3. BONE GROWTH

2. 5 fungsi utama tulang Menyanggah tubuh
REVIEW
5 fungsi utama tulang
Menyanggah tubuh
Penyimpanan mineral (kalsium) dan lipid (yellow marrow)
Tempat produksi sel darah merah (red marrow)
Pelindung
Pergerakan

3. Jenis tlg >anak dan dewasa:
REVIEW
JENIS TULANG
6 Bentuk Tlg: Long Bone, Flat, Sutural, Irregular, Short bones dan sesamoid bones.
Jenis tlg >anak dan dewasa:
Tl. Kompak (Kortikal) :80%
Tl. Trabekular (Spongiosa) : 20%

4. Osteogenesis (Ossification): bone formation process.
BONE DEVELOPMENT
Formation and Growth
BONE FORMATION
Osteogenesis (Ossification): bone formation process.
a. Cranial bonesIntramembranous ossification,
occured in skull
b. Other bones Endochondral ossification,
other part of the skeleton.

5. Cranial bonesIntramembranous ossification.
BONE DEVELOPMENT
Formation and Growth
BONE FORMATION
Cranial bonesIntramembranous ossification. 1
Mesenchymal cel / stem sel: berdiferensiasi membentuk osteoblast sbg pusat osifikasi 2
Osteoblast sekresikan osteoid, osteoid membentuk tulang..

6. Cranial bonesIntramembranous ossification.
BONE DEVELOPMENT
Formation and Growth
BONE FORMATION
Cranial bonesIntramembranous ossification. 3
Akumulasi osteoid diiringi dengan blood vessel di antara trabeculae 4
Trabeculae menebal untuk kemudian membentuk jalinan tlg yg solid (mature).

7. Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 BONE DEVELOPMENT BONE FORMATION
Formation and Growth
BONE FORMATION
Other bones: Endochondrial ossificationwithin cartilage
Hyaline Cartilagereorganized, mineralized to form bone
Step 1
Hyaline cartilage forms chondroblast (sorrounded by perichondrium)periosteum
Step 2
Cartilages calcifies in the center of diaphysis,
Step 3
Ossificasion expands, periosteal bud (contain nutrient form blood vessel), bone marrow, osteoblast and osteoclast invade diaphysis.
Osteoblast deposit bone matrix (osteoid)trabeculae
Spongy bone is broken down (osteoclast)medullary cavity (marrow)

8. Other bones: Endochondrial ossificationwithin cartilage
BONE DEVELOPMENT
Formation and Growth
BONE FORMATION
Other bones: Endochondrial ossificationwithin cartilage

9. Other bones: Endochondrial ossificationwithin cartilage
BONE DEVELOPMENT
Formation and Growth
BONE FORMATION
Other bones: Endochondrial ossificationwithin cartilage

10. Step 4 BONE DEVELOPMENT BONE FORMATION
Formation and Growth
BONE FORMATION
Other bones: Endochondrial ossificationwithin cartilage
Step 4
Blood vessel enter epiphysis and secondary ossification centers develop here about time of birth. No cavity formation here
Hyaline cartilage remains covering epihysis articular and cartilage becomes “trapped” between two ossification center creating epiphyseal plate
Bone lengthen by addition of bone material at this plate

11. BONE DEVELOPMENT Formation and Growth Bone Growth
Cartilage cells on the outer edge of the plate next to ephypisis divide and multiply temporarily widening the epiphyseal plate.
As new chondrocyte formed, the older cartilage cells toward the diaphyseal border are enlarging.
Those combination widening the epiphyseal plate>thickening
When the ossification is complete, the bone one the diaphyseal side has lengthened and the epiphyseal plate has returned to its original thickness.

12. BONE DEVELOPMENT
Growth

13. BONE DEVELOPMENT
Growth

14. SYUKRON
TERIMAKASIH
MERCY BEAUCOUP