1. Types of Fashion and Trends
Chapter 5
Types of Fashion and Trends
Types of Fashion
The Fashion Cycle

2. Chapter Objectives Identify the types of fashion products.
Explain the main categories of fashion apparel.
Identify the classifications of fashion apparel categories.
Explain the fashion cycle.
Discuss the role of fashion leaders.
Identify the different theories of fashion movement.
Discuss the difference between fashion trends and fads.

3. Types of Fashion Products
Manufacturers make a variety of lines.
lines groups of styles and designs produced and sold as a set of related products for a given season
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4. Types of Fashion Products
The two main types of product lines are hardlines and softlines.
hardlines lines of products that are non-textile, such as small and large appliances, home accessories, and items not made of fabric
softlines lines of products made from textiles that include apparel and household items such as towels, table linens, and bedding
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5. Types of Apparel
Apparel is categorized by groups—women’s wear, men’s wear, and infants’ and children’s wear.
apparel term used for clothing, as in personal attire or garments
Apparel producers designate a certain product number to represent each style of apparel.
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6. Types of Accessories Most accessories are softlines.
Producers present accessories in two seasonal lines each year.
accessories fashion items that are added to complete or enhance outfits
Most accessories are softlines.
All accessories are categorized with soft goods.
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7. Home Furnishings
Fashion trends in the home furnishings industry move at a slower pace than those in the apparel industry.
home furnishings the fashion category that includes textiles used to furnish and decorate the home, such as towels, linens, and bedding
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8. Categories of Home Furnishings
Domestics
Home Furnishings
Floor Coverings
Bed linens
Bathroom items
Table and kitchen linens
Window treatments
Upholstery
furniture
Throw pillows
Carpeting
Rugs
Non-fabric floor tiles
Many apparel designers also produce home furnishing lines.
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9. Categories and Classifications in Apparel
The women’s wear category represents the largest share of the apparel industry.
The industry manufactures new lines for five different seasons each year.
The retail life of a line is approximately ten weeks.
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10. Women’s Apparel Classifications
Categories and Classifications in Apparel
Sportswear separates
Dresses
Evening and bridal
Maternity
Outerwear
Suits
Active wear
Swimwear/beachwear
Intimate apparel
Accessories
Footwear
Miscellaneous apparel
Women’s Apparel Classifications
Women’s Size Ranges
Misses
Petite
Women’s
Juniors
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11. Categories and Classifications in Apparel
Fashion marketers present new lines of men’s apparel twice a year.
Men’s sportswear apparel makers show new sportswear lines four times a year.
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12. Categories and Classifications in Apparel
The fall/winter lines are the most important, followed by the spring/summer lines.
Different seasons determine fabric weight.
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13. Men’s Apparel Classifications
Categories and Classifications in Apparel
Men’s Apparel Classifications
Tailored apparel
Heavy outerwear
Furnishings
Work clothing
Sportswear
Footwear
Miscellaneous apparel
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14. Categories and Classifications in Apparel
There are three main production seasons for manufacturers of children’s apparel:
Pre-Fall
Spring/Summer
Winter/Holiday
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15. Categories and Classifications in Apparel
Licensing of children’s apparel is big business.
Safety trends affect the production of children’s wear.
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16. Infants’ and Children’s Wear Classifications
Categories and Classifications in Apparel
Infants’ and Children’s Wear Classifications
Infant
Toddler
Young children
Girls
Boys
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17. Variety of Fashion
Categories and classifications of fashion products allow producers and retailers to more efficiently make, market, and sell fashion to consumers.
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18. What are the three main merchandise categories of apparel?
5.1 1.
What are the three main merchandise categories of apparel?
What are the size classifications for women’s clothing?
How is children’s clothing classified? 2.
Quick Check Answers
women’s wear, men’s wear, and infants’ and children’s wear
Misses represents women’s regular sizes in even numbers from sized 2 to 14. The women’s size range includes plus sizes for larger women. Petite sizes are designed for women under 5 feet 4 inches. Junior sizes are odd-numbered sized from 1 to 13.
Children’s clothing is classified by genders and age groups: infant, toddler, young children (sizes 2-6x), and children (sizes 6-12). 3.
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19. Lines carried by retailer Categories & Classifications
Types of Fashion
Favorite Retailer
Lines carried by retailer
Categories & Classifications
Why your favorite store?

20. Lines carried by retailer Categories & Classifications
Favorite Retailer
Lines carried by retailer
Categories & Classifications
Why your favorite store?
Soft lines
apparel
accessories
home furnishings
Hard lines
small appliances
Kohl’s
Women’ s wear
Outerwear
Swimwear
Intimates
Accessories
Misses
Women's
Petites
Juniors
Men’s wear
Furnishings
Sportswear
Footwear
Children’s wear
Infant
Toddler
Young children
Girls
Boys
Variety
Various styles
Reasonable prices
Coupons / sales

21. Changing Fashions
The consumer dictates the fashions that are produced.
Producers must be able to respond to the ever-changing movement of demand.
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22. The Fashion Cycle
To better understand the different phases of the fashion cycle, it is important to understand style, acceptance, and timeliness of fashions.
fashion cycle the period of time or life span during which the fashion exits, moving through stages, from introduction through obsolescence
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23. The Fashion Cycle
Not only does a design go through phases during its cycle of existence, but special features, such as color, texture, and fabric, also go through fashion cycles.
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24. The Fashion Cycle 3 Peak 2 4 Rise Decline 1 5 Acceptance Introduction
Obsolescence
Time
The length of time that a particular fashion remains in any of the stages of the life cycle depends on the consumer’s willingness to accept the fashion.
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25. Fashion Movement Economic and social New fibers and fabrics
There are many factors that can affect fashion movement.
fashion movement the ongoing motion of fashion moving through the fashion cycle
Economic and social
New fibers and fabrics
Advertising techniques
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26. Fashion Movement
Fashion leaders start the upward climb of the fashion cycle.
fashion leaders trendsetters, or individuals who are the first to wear new styles, after which the fashion is adopted by the general public
Media celebrities often set the fashion cycles in motion.
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27. Fashion Movement Trickle-Down Theory Trickle-Up Theory
Three theories of fashion movement identify the starting point of a fashion trend:
fashion trend the direction of the movement of fashion that is accepted in the marketplace
Trickle-Down Theory
Trickle-Up Theory
Trickle-Across Theory
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28. Fashion Movement
The trickle-down theory is the oldest and most accepted theory of fashion change.
trickle-down theory a hypothesis that states the movement of fashion starts at the top with consumers of higher socioeconomic status
As more people begin to wear popular fashions, those at the top become less interested and begin to look for something new.
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29. Fashion Movement Examples include: Athletic apparel style Hair style
trickle-up theory a hypothesis that states the movement of fashion starts with consumers on lower-income levels and then moves to consumers with higher incomes
The trickle-up theory is the opposite of the trickle-down theory.
Examples include:
Athletic apparel style
Hair style
Punk style
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30. Fashion Movement
The trickle-across theory is especially probable in the 21st century because technology allows designer fashion to be copied quickly and easily.
trickle-across theory a hypothesis stating that fashion acceptance begins among several socioeconomic classes at the same time
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31. Trickle-Across Theory
Fashion Movement
Trickle-Down Theory
Trickle-Up Theory
Trickle-Across Theory
Consumers with high socioeconomic status
Trend
General public
Trend
Consumers with higher incomes
Consumers with lower incomes
Trend
Acceptance comes from several groups at the same time
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32. Fashion Trends vs. Fads
A fad can be recognized by its sudden appearance and disappearance.
fad a fashion that is popular for a very short time
However, a trend can be a fad that has stood the test of time.
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33. Changing Fashions
The flux of consumer approval creates trends and fads—and keeps the fashion industry an exciting and dynamic business.
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34. What are the five stages of the fashion cycle?
5.2 1.
What are the five stages of the fashion cycle?
What are three theories of how fashions become popular?
What is the difference between a fashion trend and a fashion fad? 2.
Quick Check Answers
The five stages of the fashion cycle are: introduction stage, rise stage, peak stage, decline stage, and obsolescence stage.
tricke-down theory, trickle-up theory, and trickle-across theory
A fad is a fashion that is popular for a short period of time, but a trend moves through the fashion cycle more slowly. A trend can be a fad that has lasted. 3.
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35. Checking Concepts Name the main types of product lines.
They designate a certain number to represent each style of apparel. 3.
Types of fashion accessories include items such as footwear, handbags, headwear, scarves, neckties, jewelry, gloves, and hosiery. 4.
Categories of fashion apparel include women’s wear, men’s wear, infants’ wear, and children’s wear. 2.
The main product lines are hardlines, such as non-textile home accessories, and softlines, such as textile items such as apparel and linens. 1.
Identify the categories of fashion apparel.
Identify how retailers designate each style of apparel.
Checking Concepts Answers
The main product lines are hardlines, such as non-textile home accessories, and softlines, such as textile items such as apparel and linens.
Categories of fashion apparel include women’s wear, men’s wear, infants’ wear, and children’s wear.
They designate a certain number to represent each style of apparel.
Types of fashion accessories include items such as footwear, handbags, headwear, scarves, neckties, jewelry, gloves, and hosiery.
List types of fashion accessories.
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36. Checking Concepts Explain the rise stage of the fashion cycle.
The trickle-down theory is a hypothesis that states the movement of fashion starts at the top with consumers of higher socio-economic status. 7.
Fashion leaders are trendsetters, or individuals who are the first to wear new styles, after which the fashion is adopted by the public. 6.
During the rise stage, fashions become accepted by more people because they can afford them. Mass production reduces the price of the fashion so more sales occur. 5.
Define the term fashion leaders.
Checking Concepts Answers
During the rise stage, fashions become accepted by more people because they can afford them. Mass production reduces the price of the fashion so more sales occur.
Fashion leaders are trendsetters, or individuals who are the first to wear new styles, after which the fashion is adopted by the public.
The trickle-down theory is a hypothesis that states the movement of fashion starts at the top with consumers of higher socio-economic status.
Explain the trickle-down theory of fashion movement.
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37. Checking Concepts Critical Thinking
Discuss how a fashion fad might become a fashion trend.
A trend can be a fad that has stood the test of time. 8.
Checking Concepts Answers
A trend can be a fad that has stood the test of time.