1. DNA Fingerprinting Cloning Human Genome Project
DNA Technology
DNA Fingerprinting
Cloning
Human Genome Project

2. Normal Fingerprint
DNA Fingerprint (CUT UP pieces of DNA)

3. What is DNA Fingerprinting?
A technique used to distinguish between individuals using only samples of their DNA

4. Steps of DNA Fingerprinting
Cells are broken down to release DNA
Think of our strawberry DNA Extraction lab!

5. Stages of DNA Fingerprinting
Step 2:
The DNA is cut into pieces using enzymes.
Each restriction enzyme cuts DNA at a specific place.
The pieces of DNA that are cut out are called fragments.

6. Stages of DNA Fingerprinting
Step 3:
Pieces are separated by size using gel electrophoresis.
Smaller pieces go farther

7. Some uses of DNA Fingerprinting
Forensic identification (crime scenes)
Paternity Testing

8. Crime
Forensic science is the use of scientific knowledge in legal situations.
The chances of two people having exactly the same DNA fingerprint is 30 billion to 1 (except for identical twins).
30,000,000,000 to 1

9. Biological materials used for DNA fingerprinting
Blood
Hair
Saliva
Semen
Body tissue cells

10. Example A violent murder has occurred.
The forensics team retrieved a blood sample from the crime scene.
They prepared DNA profiles of the blood sample, the victim and a suspect as follows:

11. Was the suspect at the crime scene?
Suspect’s DNA
Blood sample from crime scene
Victim’s DNA

12. Cloning Take a cell’s DNA from organism you wish to clone
DNA Fingerprint to prove Dolly was cloned
Take a cell’s DNA from organism you wish to clone
Place the DNA into an empty egg cell
The organism that develops will be genetically identical
Dolly, the first cloned mammal.

13. Human Genome Project Complete “mapping” of all the DNA in humans
Where genes are located on chromosomes
Can be useful to
Detect
Prevent
Treat genetic diseases
The gene for Huntington’s Disease is on Chromosome #4

14. Tough SOL Practice! But give it a chance