1. The Monomyth: Joseph Campbell
The Hero's journey
The Monomyth: Joseph Campbell

2. Joseph Campbell
His work - A major study on The hero’s journey: The Hero with a Thousand Faces
Think about the title
Why would a hero have a thousand faces?

3. Joseph Campbell
Traces the story of the hero’s journey through virtually all the mythologies in the world, revealing one archetypal hero in them all = the monomyth
In both narrative and mythological writing, the monomyth, or the hero’s journey is the common template of a broad category of tales that involve a hero going on an adventure, and in a decisive crisis wins a victory, and then comes home changed or transformed.

4. 3 stages
Departure
Initiation
Return

6. Departure An unexpected world is revealed, drawing the hero in
The world may be revealed:
Accidentally
through mistake
through something eye-catching
A messenger appears, calling the hero to adventure
The force to attend becomes so strong that the summons cannot be denied
The hero seems to outgrow the old life; the time for moving on is at hand
The Call to Adventure

7. Departure
The hero tries to ignore the call and pursues other interests.
By refusing the call, the hero makes the adventure seem negative.
However, Life begins to feel meaningless.
The hero digs deep to find secret reserves of courage, often in response to a predicament following the initial refusal.
Ultimately, the hero goes forth willingly on the adventure.
The Refusal of the call

8. Departure His Guide/Magical Helper Appear after the quest begins
The hero encounters a figure who provides the adventurer with protective amulets against evil
fairy lore = a little fellow of the wood, an old crone, some wizard, hermit, shepherd, or smith who appears to supply the amulets and advice the hero will require
higher mythologies = great figure, a teacher, a ferryman, a conductor of souls to the underworld
Each supernatural event represents the protecting power of destiny – reassurance that all will be OK in the end.
Departure
Supernatural Aid
Marlin Meets Dory

9. The crossing of the first threshold
Departure
The hero crosses a threshold (figurative doorway) into the unknown, darkness, and danger.
The regions of the unknown (woods, desert, jungle, deep sea, alien land, etc.) are filled with deceitful and dangerous presences not experienced in the normal world.
The crossing of the threshold is the first step toward self-understanding, yet the action is tremendously risky – often life or death.
The crossing of the first threshold

10. Departure
Some time after crossing the threshold, the hero, instead of conquering of giving in, is swallowed, unknown, and would appear to have died.
The passing of the threshold is a possible life sacrifice, making the hero a new person.
After shedding fear of sacrifice, the hero is free to pass back and forth across the horizons of the world, traveling in and out of space and/or time.
The Belly of the Whale
Marlin Meets Crush

11. Initiation
The hero moves through a landscape in which places and life forms are strange and unknown.
The hero must survive a series of increasingly difficult tasks.
The hero is assisted by the advice, amulets (good luck tokens), and secret agents of the supernatural helper.
A chance is provided for the hero to purify the self and think about salvation. The hero must be willing to put aside pride, virtue, beauty, and/or life.
The Road of Trials

12. Initiation: The Road of Trials
Woman as Temptress
The Meeting with the goddess
Atonement with the father
the Hero experiences a love that has the power and significance of the all-powerful, all encompassing, unconditional love that a fortunate infant may experience with his or her mother.
This is a very important step in the process and is often represented by the person finding the other person that he or she loves most completely
the hero faces those temptations that may lead him or her to abandon or stray from his or her quest, which does not necessarily have to be represented by a woman.
Woman is a metaphor for the physical or material temptations of life, since the hero-knight was often tempted by lust from his spiritual journey
the HERO must confront and be initiated by whatever holds the ultimate power in his or her life.
In many myths and stories this is the father, or a father figure who has life and death power.
This is the center point of the journey.
All the previous steps have been moving into this place, all that follow will move out from it.
Although this step is most frequently symbolized by an encounter with a male entity, it does not have to be a male; just someone or thing with incredible power

13. Initiation
The ultimate boon is the achievement of the goal of the quest.
It is what the person went on the journey to get.
All the previous steps serve to prepare and purify the person for this step
The final heroic task is usually accomplished with great ease, signifying the hero as a superior man – a born king.
The boon can only be received by the hero after all personal limitations are gone.
The ultimate Boon

14. Initiation
it is a period of rest, peace and fulfillment before the hero begins the return
Apotheosis

15. Sometimes the hero must escape with the boon
The return
Refusal of the return
The magic flight
Rescue from without
Having found bliss and enlightenment in the other world, the hero may not want to return to the ordinary world to bestow the boon onto his fellow man.
Sometimes the hero must escape with the boon
if it is something that the gods have been jealously guarding, It can be just as adventurous and dangerous returning from the journey as it was to go on it
Just as the hero may need guides and assistants to set out on the quest, oftentimes he or she must have powerful guides and rescuers to bring them back to everyday life

16. The return The Crossing of the return threshold Master of two worlds
Freedom to live
The trick in returning is to retain the wisdom gained on the quest
to integrate that wisdom into a human life
Possibly figure out how to share the wisdom with the rest of the world
For a human hero, it may mean achieving a balance between the material and spiritual.
The person has become comfortable and competent in both the inner and outer worlds
Mastery leads to freedom from the fear of death, which in turn is the freedom to live
sometimes referred to as living in the moment, neither anticipating the future nor regretting the past.