1. From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
Date of download: 1/3/2018
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
J. Appl. Mech. 2015;82(6): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Schematics of a gel exposed to solvent of chemical potential μs during (a) initial state of homogeneous swelling at chemical potential of μ0 and (b) onset of wrinkling at the surface at time t

2. From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
Date of download: 1/3/2018
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
J. Appl. Mech. 2015;82(6): doi: /
Figure Legend:
(a) Compressive stresses experienced by a gel (Nν=0.001,χ=0.1,and μ0=-1) swelling under lateral constrains in kinetic analysis and (b) stretch ratio at various times

3. From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
Date of download: 1/3/2018
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
J. Appl. Mech. 2015;82(6): doi: /
Figure Legend:
(a) Discretization of a single waveform into eight elements and (b) imposition of MPC at surface nodes

4. From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
Date of download: 1/3/2018
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
J. Appl. Mech. 2015;82(6): doi: /
Figure Legend:
(a) Full finite element model of the gel, with thickness 1 and width of 10. (b)–(d) Different meshes with top layer mesh thickness of 0.01 H, 0.005 H, and 0.001 H, respectively. Note that meshes (b)–(d) are shortened with width to illustrate the graded mesh used in simulations.

5. From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
Date of download: 1/3/2018
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
J. Appl. Mech. 2015;82(6): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Time of onset of wrinkling with increasing refinement of mesh for models with 10 and 15 waves within the width of the gel

6. From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
Date of download: 1/3/2018
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
J. Appl. Mech. 2015;82(6): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Evolution of surface wrinkles of a hydrogel layer. Time of onset of wrinkling increases from (a) to (f).

7. From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
Date of download: 1/3/2018
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
J. Appl. Mech. 2015;82(6): doi: /
Figure Legend:
(a) wave number versus time and (b) wavelength versus time for gels of crosslink densities at Nν=0.001 and Nν=0.01; Flory-interaction parameter χ=0.1; and initial chemical potential of μ0=-1

8. From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
Date of download: 1/3/2018
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
J. Appl. Mech. 2015;82(6): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Comparison between state-space predictions for different discretization of gel layers

9. From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
Date of download: 1/3/2018
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Wrinkling of a Polymeric Gel During Transient Swelling
J. Appl. Mech. 2015;82(6): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Normalized wave number versus time for finite element method and state-space methods for Nν=0.01,χ=0.1,and μ0=-1