1. Quartiersmanagement (마을만들기) in Berlin, Germany
Advanced Urban Design (Urban Regeneration), , Seoul National University
Quartiersmanagement
(마을만들기)
in Berlin, Germany
Written by:
Inhee Kim(김인희)
Presented by:
Junghwan Park (박정환)
Master’s Course,
Urban Design Lab,
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,
Seoul National University

2. Table of Contents
Background – German Cities
Case of Berlin
Conclusion

3. I. Background - German Cities

4. Background 1980s 1990s city centre Part of the nation
After 1980s in Germany, polarization started to happen due to social-spatial differentiation
Especially in residential areas, high-income families started to move out from rugged cities to suburbs, and low-income families or foreigners replaced them in the core of the cites.
-> Slumism
After unification, in the 1990s, the problem went further to a nationwide problem
Prospering south vs former East Germany area, north (fall of the manufacturing industry, increase of unemployment rate)
Urban regeneration became a matter in the sense of whole nation
1980s
city centre
1990s
Part of the nation

5. Urban Generation Policy of Germany
Urban Regeneration
Stadtermeuerung
Urban Repair
Sanierung
Urban Reconstruction
Stadtumbau
Remaining physical structure, changing land use
Replacing physical structure
1990s
Behutsame Stadterneuerung (Careful Urban Regeneration)
Soziale Stadt Program(1999) 사회통합도시

6. Institutional Framework
Constitution
Grund Gesetz
104b: The Federal Government’s financial aid to local governments (For quality of life and balance between regions)
Architectural Law
BauGB
107a~d: About urban repair on rugged areas
171e: Soziale Stadt(사회통합도시) should aid areas where are deteriorated socially-economically
Administrative Contract
Verwaltungsvereinbarung-Städtebauförderung
About the relationships between the federal government and 16 state governments
Practical Guidelines
Leitfaden zur Ausgestaltung der Gemeinschaftsinitiative Soziale Stadt
Ways of resident participation, regional economy vitalization, education, health, residential issues…
-> aim, strategy, scope of aid

7. II. Case of Berlin

8. Berlin: Geography Located at the north-east part of Germany
Population: 3.45 million
Area: 892㎢ (Seoul: ㎢)

9. Background
Berlin’s urban issues became more severe than other cities in Germany in the 1990s, after the unification
To cope with this, the city council of Berlin adopted a program called ‘Quartiersmanagement’(Community Planning, 마을만들기) in 1999
It follows the outline of Soziale Stadt
Key factors for quartiersmanagement
1. a team for community planning should be established
2. administrative structure that binds experts in diverse fields
3. Real-life strategy and neighbourhood improvement plan should be set
4. Quatiersrate(마을협의회), a group that makes decision about projects and budget plans, should be made
5. Help residents to participate
6. Diverse education and job-getting programs

10. Where is it done? Where? 34 projects in Berlin Total residents 394,000
Ratio of foreigners: 28.7% (Berlin average 14.0%)
Where?
Lack of residential infrastructure
Depression of economic structure
Increase in the ratio of vacant buildings
Increase in the numbers of public aid recipients(기초생활수급자), unemployment rate, ratio of unemployed people
Increase in the ratio of immigrants
Increase in the rate of middle-high class leakage

11. Governance Quartiersmanager
In each towns, a site office is constructed for 3~5 ‘Quartiersmanager’s
The principle is that residents own and lead the project, but the managers should monitor and help them, balancing between the public and the residents
Expert network management
Masterplan
Project planning and execution
Employment education
Children education
Juvenile consultation
Resident leisure program
Budget gain and execution
Develop policies to support the project
Quartiersmanager

12. Governance Quartiersrate
Quartiersrate(마을협의회): an administration in Berlin that was made in 2000
Averagely 9~12 times meeting a year
2~3 hours
Consisted of ordinary residents + experts group
For the conference to have effectiveness, over 75% of the group should attend
It should be consisted of more than 50% of residents
15~30 people in each regions, 1 out of 1000
Planning projects, deciding budget scale, deciding the scope of support, etc.
Quartiersrate

13. Monitoring & Evaluation
Focus control area
Evaluation Index
Social integration: the ratio of foreigners
Social-Economic: unemployment rate, purchasing power, debt ratio, ratio of public aid recipients
Population: population change rate
General control area
Prevention area
Stabilization area

14. III. Conclusion

15. Conclusion Long-time and consistent policy-making and pushing ahead
Urban regeneration matter in Germany goes back to 100 years ago, and it was settled in law since 1960s. The town planning in Berlin was pushed ahead for decades with thorough planning
Operated with a system and managed transparently with a guideline
Federal -> State -> Municipality -> Town planning team
Various guidelines are in act to make everything clear and honest
The right and responsibility are all transferred to residents
Made the residents to feel responsible for everything and to participate more actively in all sorts of projects
The key to success was the ‘quartiersmanager’