1. L. Aya M. Serry Glomerulonephritis 2017
Pathophysiology
L. Aya M. Serry
Glomerulonephritis
2017

2. Objectives Define Glomerulonephritis
Types and Causes of Glomerulonephritis
Pathophysiology of Glomerulonephritis
Nephritis Vs. Nephrotic Diseases
Diagnosis
Treatments

3. What’s Glomerulonephritis
The Glomerulus is the part of the nephron which is responsible for filtration
The glomeruli are tufts of capillaries that lie between the afferent and efferent arterioles
The glomerular capillary membrane is composed of three structural layers:
an endothelial cell layer (that lines the inner surface of the capillary)
a basement membrane made up of a network of matrix proteins
a layer of epithelial cells that surrounds the outer surface of the capillary and lines the inner surface of the Bowman capsule.

4. Glomerulus
Glomerulus – The filters of the kidneys which filter the blood and make urine

5. What’s Glomerulonephritis
The glomerular capillary membrane is selectively permeable, allowing water and small particles (e.g., electrolytes, and dissolved particles, such as glucose and amino acids) to leave the blood and enter the Bowman space and preventing larger particles (e.g., plasma proteins and blood cells) from leaving the blood.
Glomerulonephritis is: An Inflammatory Process that involves Glomerular Structure

6. Types of Glomerulonephritis
If glomerulonephritis occurs on its own, it's known as primary Glomerulonephritis.
If another disease, such as lupus or diabetes, is the cause, it's called secondary Glomerulonephritis

7. Types of Glomerulonephritis
Nephritic Vs. Nephrotic Syndrome
Textbook Page:

8. Glomerulonephritis-- Symptoms
Most common symptoms:
Swelling of the face, eyes, ankle, feet, legs, abdomen
Pink or cola-colored urine from red blood cells in your urine (hematuria)
Foamy urine due to excess protein (proteinuria)
Increased Blood Pressure due to decreased GFR. This will lead to increased Renin release

9. Glomerulonephritis-- Risk Factors
History of cancer
Blood or lymphatic disorders
Diabetes
Some Infections
-Heart infections
-Viruses

10. Glomerulonephritis-- Diagnosis
Glomerulonephritis may be discovered when there is an abnormal urine analysis during a routine physical or examination for unrelated disorders, Tests that can be used for Diagnosis are:
Urinalysis (e.g: creatinine Clearance Test)
Blood tests (eGFR and BUN)
Imaging of the kidney
Kidney Biopsy

11. TREATMENTS

12. Glomerulonephritis-- Treatments
Treatment varies depending on the type and severity of symptoms
High blood pressure may be difficult to control, and it is generally the most important aspect of treatment
Dialysis and Transplant
Medicines that may be prescribed include:
Blood pressure medications are often needed to control high blood pressure
Medications that suppress the immune
system may also be prescribed (as in case of lupus)

13. THANK YOU…..