1. Image Challenge Q:
What underlying disease is most likely to have been present in this patient?
1. Atrial fibrillation
2. Chronic constipation
3. Chronic renal insufficiency
4. Diabetes mellitus
5. Thalassemia

2. Image Challenge Q:
What underlying disease is most likely to have been present in this patient?
Answer:
Diabetes mellitus
The abdominal radiograph shows air throughout the urinary tract. Patients with diabetes mellitus have a particular predisposition for complicated urinary tract infections such as emphysematous cystitis, which is thought to be caused by fermentation of glucose by bacterial and fungal pathogens.