1. THE MIDDLE AND NEW KINGDOMS
CHAPTER 4 SECTION 3
THE MIDDLE AND NEW KINGDOMS

2. THE MIDDLE KINGDOM
AT THE END OF THE OK- THE POWER AND WEALTH OF PHAROAHS DECLINED
PYRAMID BLDNG DRAINED THE TREASURY
AT THE SAME TIME NOBLES GAINED POWER TOCHALLENGE THE PHAROAHS

3. BY 2200 BC- THE OK ENDED
NOBLES BATTLED EACH OTHER FOR POWER
THEIR WAS CHAOS, FAMINE AND ECONOMIC HARDSHIP IN EGYPT
IN MENTUHOTEP AND POWERFUL PHAROAH DEFEATED ALL HIS RIVALS
HE BEGAN THE MIDDLE KINGDOM BC

4. TOWARDS THE END OF MK- THEIR WAS DISORDER
EGYPT WAS ALSO INVADED BY THE HYKSOS
THEY USED HORSES, CHARIOTS, AND WEAPONS TO CONQUER EGYPT
THEY RULE IT FOR 200 YEARS
THEY HYKSOS WERE NOT WELL-LIKED

5. THE EGYPTIANS FOUGHT BACK AGAINST THE HYKSOS
AHMOSE OF THEBES DROVE OUT THE HYKSOS AND REUNITED EGYPT AFTER DECLARING HIMSELF PHAROAH
AHMOSE MARKS THE NEW KINGDOM
EGYPT REACHED THE HEIGHT OF ITS POWER AND GLORY
LASTED FROM 1550 BC BC

6. CONQUEST AND TRADE BROUGHT WEALTH TO THE PHAROAHS
AFTER DRIVNG OUT THE HYKSOS- EGYPTIAN LEADER SOUGHT TO CONTROL ALL INVASION ROUTES
IN THIS PROCESS- EGYPT BECAME AN EMPIRE
FIRST THEY CONQUERED SYRIA- THE HOMELAND OF THE HYKSOS

7. THEN THEY DEFEATED THE KINGDOM OF KUSH
EGYPT BECAME THE LEADING MILITARY POWER
MILITARY CONQUESTS MADE EGYPT RICH
CONQUERED AREAS SENT ANNUAL PAYMENTS TO THE PHAROAH IN AN EFFORT TO MAINTAIN GOOD RELATIONS

8. GROWTH AND TRADE BROUGHT EGYPT INTO CONTACT WITH DIFFERENT LANDS
TRADE EXPANDED ALONG THE EMPIRE
MANY AREAS HAD NAT RESOURCE-S LIKE THE SINAI HAD COPPER MINES

9. QUEEN HATSHEPSUT FEMALE PHAROAH- EVEN WORE FAKE BEARD
WORKED TO INCREASE TRADE
USED WEALTH TO SUPPORT ART AND ARCHITECTURE
SHE BUILT A TEMPLE AT THEBES
HATSHEPSUT ALSO DRESSED AS A MAN
WHEN SHE DIED- HER STEPSON TOOK OVER AND DEST HER WORK.

10. INVASIONS OF EGYPT IN THE 1200’S RAMSES THE GREAT CAME TO POWER
HE FOUGHT THE HITTITES THROUGHOUT HIS REIGN
EVENTUALLY THEY SIGNED A PEACE TREATY AND BECAME ALLIES
TO THE WEST THE TEHEINU INVADED THE DELTA

11. RAMSES FOUGHT THEM OFF AND HAD FORTS BUILT
AFTER HE DIED- THE SEA PEOPLES INVADED EGYPT
THEY WERE TURNED BACK AFTER 50 YEARS OF FIGHTING
EGYPT SURVIVED- BUT THE EMPIRE WAS GONE

12. THE NK ENDED
EGYPT AGAIN FELL INTO CHAOS
NEVER AGAIN, WOULD EGYPT REGAIN ITS POWER

13. WORK AND DAILY LIFE DAILY LIFE DID NOT CHANGE MUCH
AS POP GREW- SOCIETY BECAME MORE COMPLEX
SCRIBES- VERY HONORED BECAUSE THEY COULD WRITE
WORKED FOR GOVT AND TEMPLES
KEPT RECORDS AND ACCTS
DID NOT PAY TAXES- BECAME WEALTHY

14. ARTISANS, ARTISTS,AND ARCHITECTS- JOBS REQUIRED SKILLS
WORKED FOR THE GOVT OR TEMPLES
THEY MADE STATUES, FURNITURE, POTTERYMA ND FOOTWEAR
ARCHITECTS DESIGNED ROYAL TOMBS SUCH AS THE PYRAMIDS

15. SOLDIERS- AFTER THE MK- EGYPT HAD PROF ARMY
RECEIVED LAND AS PAYMENT AND COULD KEEP TREASURE CAPTURED IN WAR
THOSE WHO EXCELLED WOULD BE PROMOTED

16. FARMERS- MADE UP THE LARGEST PORTION
HAD TO GIVE CROPS AS TAXES
WERE SUBJECT TO SPECIAL DUTY
THE PHAROAH COULD DEMAND AT ANY TIME THEY WORK ON HIS PROJECTS

17. SLAVES- LOWER THAN FARMERS, WORKED ON FARMS AND IN SOME HOUSEHOLDS
HAD SOME LEGAL RIGHTS
IN SOME CASES, COULD EARN FREEDOM

18. FAMILY LIFE MEN EXPECTED TO MARRY YOUNG
WOMEN DEVOTED TO HOMES AND FAMILIES
SOME HAD JOBS OUTSIDE HOME
FEW SERVED AS PRIESTESSES
THEY COULD OWN PROPERTY
THEY COULD MAKE CONTRACTS

19. THEY COULD DIVORCE HUSBANDS
CHILDREN PLAYED WITH TOYS
MOST BOYS AND GIRLS WERE EDUCATED
THEY LEARNED MORALS, WRITING, MATH AND SPORTS
AT AGE 14- MOST BOYS LEFT SCHOOL TO JOIN FATHER’S PROFESSION.