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The early embryo © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS.

Published byMelissa Carpenter Modified over 6 years ago

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Presentation on theme: "The early embryo © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS."— Presentation transcript:

1 The early embryo © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

2 The zygote 2 polar bodies Zona pellucida Human zygote 2 pronuclei
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

3 The 4-cell embryo Rapid cell division but little growth (cleavage)
Follicular cells (corona radiata) Rapid cell division but little growth (cleavage) The ball of cells remains about the same size as the oocyte. Sperms Zona pelucida © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

4 The 8-cell embryo Zona pelucida: a shell of glycoprotein
It protects the developing embryo. Zona pellucida © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

5 The morula Zona pelucida Supernumary sperms © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

6 The blastocyst 5-6 days after fertilisation Zona pellucida lost.
Inner cell mass (becomes the embryo) © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS Human blastocyst

7 Implantation The blastocyst arrives in the uterus
About 1 week after fertilisation. © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

8 Implantation © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

9 Implantation Maternal blood vessels start to break down
Pools of blood form Less barriers to exchange. © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

10 The beginning of the placenta
Amniotic sac Embryo © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

11 Implantation © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

12 Implantation Embryo Implantation Filmed for the First Time (2min51)
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

13 The placenta Provides an exchange system for the foetus
Large surface area (villi and microvilli) Reduced barriers to exchange (pools of maternal blood) Gas exchange Nutrients Excretory products. © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

14 The placenta It is also an endocrine organ
Secreting progesterone and oestrogens Maintaining pregnancy As the corpus luteum degenerates (at 2 months), the placenta takes over. © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

15 Umbilical cord In mammals the yolk sac is very small
The umbilical cord connects the embryo to the placenta Foetal blood vessels irrigate the placenta © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

16 Amniotic sac at 5 weeks The amniotic sac grows around the embryo
© 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

17 The foetus At 8 weeks the embryo is complete
A period of growth (the foetus) begins © 2016 Paul Billiet ODWS

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