1. Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia
Labour market mobility Andor Urmos Ministry of Social Affairs and Labour Hungary September 26, 2007
Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia

2. Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia
Mobility
Definition
Social status mobility
Regional mobility
Migration (domestic, international)
Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia

3. Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia
Background
Regional differences became critical in Eastern-Europe (social and infrastructural measures)
Roma are overrepresented (ghettoisation)
Labour market is „rigid” – need and demand are not harmonised
Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia

4. Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia
Background
Labour market service
Adul training, vocational training, wage support, etc. – locally
Social care
Social work, daycare, social services – locally
Housing
90 % or higher own properties, no rental market
State subsidy (social housing allowance) forcing property
Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia

5. Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia
Underprivileged by social and economical status and low-budgeting municipalities
Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia
Source: National Statistics of Hungary

6. Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia
Registered vacant jobs (a), registered unemployment (B) and unemployment rate (c) by regional breakdown
Northern
Hungary
a. 3272 b
c. 17,4%
Transdanubia
a. 4510 b
c. 6,6%
Northern Great Plain
a. 2385 b
c. 16,4%
Central
Hungary
a. 8846 b
c. 3,6%
Western
Transdanubia
a. 3487 b
c. 6,0%
Southern Great Plain
a. 4829 b
c. 11,2%
Southern
Transdanubia
a. 1842 b
c. 13,1%
Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia

7. Government expenditures by GDP% in EU 2006
Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia
forrás: Eurostat

8. Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia
Hungary and Slovakia
Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia
forrás: Eurostat

9. Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia
Mobility
Labour market need and demand should be harmonised
High unemployment rate in depressed regions – job vacancies in developed regions
Complex approach – establishing the chance!
Employment service (training, wage support, etc.) – in more developed region
Social work – relationship among services
Housing – flexibile solutions (rent)
Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia

10. Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia
Mobility
Limits
Educated population vs. low-skilled people
Local network of the family (relatives, school, community, etc.)
Lack of the local network in the „new” region
Resistance by the „new” community
Lack of co-operating services (social work!)
Need for significant change in housing policy
Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia

11. Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia
Mobility
No contradiction with regional development!
Depressed regions need both
Regional development (infrastructure, higher normatives for basic services, tax benefits for investors, etc.) – social status mobility in place
Mobility program (employment service, social work, flexibile housing)
Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia

12. Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia
Mobility
International migration and mobility
Similar drivers, but different tools
Political assumptions – i.e. Roma migration, mobility
Need for incentives for international migration, mobility within EU (i.e. language skills)
Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia

13. Thank you for your attention!
Social Inclusion in Eastern-Europe and Central Asia