1. Opening Agenda Things to Get: Things to Do: Notebook paper for notes
Two handouts on front shelf
Things to Do:
Opener: Review of Romanticism
Class work: Realism
Exit: Application of Realist Theater
REMEMBER! – DUE NEXT CLASS!
March Culture Project
#2 Realism Self Portrait

2. Spring Break Extra Credit
Pictures in the Style of Monet
Over a 12 hour period takes six pictures of the same scene outside without moving your camera.
Show the effect that light has on changing color.
Put in a word document and either print IN COLOR or .
This is worth a total of 50 points
This is the only extra credit you will be offered this semester!
9/14/2018

3. Opener- Review of Previous Content
Name the ballet shown.
-Who composed it?
-What is the name of this scene?
2. Identify the opera and composer shown in the following clip:
3. Identify and describe one of the three Romantic types of theater; support your answer with an example from class.
4. Name the artist, title, and theme of the image seen above.

4. The Age of Realism

5. Why did Realism develop?
Intellectual Ideas of the period:
Materialism:
Science, technology, and industry can help to understand all truth, solve all problems, and create happiness for humans.
Utilitarianism:
Virtue is based on utility and conduct should be directed toward promoting the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people.
Survival of the fittest (Darwinian theory)
Once applied to animals, now referred
to the survival of businesses
Karl Marx’s Communist Manifesto
Everyone is equal: in pay, in status, in goods.
Rising standard of living
Vaccinations, telegraph, public sanitation, electricity allowed for individuals living in an industrialized world live longer and healthier.

6. Realism in Visual Arts
Objective: a truthful objective, scientific, view of the world
Artists wanted to show society as it really was
(not “Romanticized”)
Scenes of industrial cities, physical labor, real people who complete the real work.
Artist was thought of as a scientific observer of detail
Movement was heavily influenced by the invention of the camera

7. Realism Visual Artists
Objective: Learn about the life and works of Courbet, Manet, and Eakins by completing your chart
Groups of Two/Three
30 Minutes Total
10 minutes per poster
You must stay with your assigned color
Write on my poster and ….

8. D’Orsay Museum, Paris

9. Gaustave Courbet 1819-1877 French Father of Realist movement
Despised labels
Famous works:
-Burial at Ornans
-Interior of My Studio
Technical elements:
Simple and direct methods of construction
Somber palette applied with palette knife
Addressed social and controversial issues through his art.
Many of his works were considered pornographic.
His style encompassed the spontaneity, irregularity, and harshness of real life.

10. Burial at Ornans
Burial at Ornans Gustave Courbet

13. Burial at Ornans No heroism/exalted truth
It’s a small town funeral. There is no glorification
Incarnation of Socialism= funeral goers
Even though the painting is divided into three groups of people, each group is equal in social status. There is no social hierarchy.
Also, these individuals, who were once not permitted to be the subject of fine art, are now able to be the subjects.
Scale of a history painting
History painters are paintings that are extremely large and depict a historic event.
This large canvas is dedicated to the average people
Subject’s ordinariness and anti-heroic composition outraged critics
This image lacks bright color.
Courbet used color to symbolize the mundane realities of life and death.
“It represents a small town funeral and yet reproduces the funerals of all small towns.
"The Burial at Ornans was in reality the burial of Romanticism.”

14. Interior of My Studio – Seven Years of My Life as an Artist- 1855

17. Interior of My Studio – Seven Years of My Life as an Artist
“Fantasy Self-Portrait”
Even though this painting depicts Courbet and other individuals present in a realistic manner, the organization of the composition is a figment of Courbet’s imagination.
Courbet central character
Courbet unites this otherwise divided painting. This painting is divided into three sections.
The individuals to his left are peasants, a hunter, a priest, a mother and child who represent life in his hometown. Courbet’s art is made for these people.
The individuals to his right are critics, clients, and intellectuals. These are the people who criticize his work; he DOES NOT create his work for them.
Small child
The small child represents innocence.
Nude model
The nude model represents nature.

18. Édouard Manet 1832 – 1883 Born in Paris, France (frequently
visited and studied at the Louvre
when he was young).
Painted “modern-life” subjects
He began as a Realist but made the transition to
Impressionism
His two most famous paintings are thought to
have marked the beginning of Modern art.
The Luncheon on the Grass
Olympia

19. The Luncheon on the Grass- 1863

22. The Luncheon on the Grass
Models from real life
Woman is a combination of Manet’s wife and favorite model.
Men are Manet’s brother and brother-in- law.
Nude is unidealized and unabashed
Without shame, the woman sits at a picnic with two FULLY clothed men.
Nothing is idealized…
Ordinary men with a promiscuous woman in the park
Flattening of forms, loose manner of composition
These characteristics were some of the objections critics had to this piece.
“A commonplace woman of the demione, as naked as can be, shamelessly lolls between two dandies dressed to the teeth The latter look like schoolboys on a holiday, perpetrating an outrage to play the man, This is a young man’s practical joke- a shameful, open sore.

23. Olympia- 1863 “Why must I, feel like that, why must I…”
– women’s liberation; how?

24. This is an image of a woman of his time --a courtesan
“Olympia” was the professional name for prostitutes
Formal Composition
quickly, in rough brushstrokes
No carefully constructed perspective
Manet offers a picture frame flattened into two planes
Body is a commodity.
While middle-and- upper class gentlemen of the time may frequent courtesans and prostitutes, they do not want to be confronted with one in a painting gallery.
A real woman, flaws and all, with an independent spirit.
Shamelessness and look of defiance shocked viewers
She is not idealized (no s-curve)
Reference to racial divisions
The maid serves the courtesan.
A black maid and prostitute evoked moral depravity, inferiority, and animalistic sexuality
“a courtesan with dirty hands and wrinkled feet… her body has the livid tint of a cadaver displayed in the morgue; her outlines are drawn in charcoal and her greenish, bloodshot eyes appear to be provoking the public, protected all the while by a hideous Negress.”
– women’s liberation; how?

28. Venus of Urbino
Titian, 1538
Olympia
Édouard Manet, 1863

29. Olympia- 1863 “Why must I, feel like that, why must I…”
– women’s liberation; how?

30. A Bar at the Folies-Berg

32. Thomas Eakins 1844 – 1916 Born in Philadelphia, PA
A painter, photographer,
sculptor, and professor
Commonly used nude subjects
(was fired from his teaching position for using a nude
model in a drawing class in front of a female student).
Had an interest in and was an innovator in
the subject of motion photography. He used
photographs to paint his subjects.

33. The Gross Clinic 1876

34. The Gross Clinic
Dr. Gross, a Pennsylvania doctor, is a pioneer surgeon who is demonstrating a daring procedure
Physician is relatively emotionless; the patient’s mother is very upset
Attendants hold chlorophorm and the bloody incision- very important! Why?
Symbolizes the people’s faith in scientific and medical progress
The light focuses on Dr. Gross’ head (his brain) and on the dissected leg.
Patient suffered from osteomyelitis (a bone infection)
This painting is controversial because of its graphic nature and also because the surgery itself is controversial (they would have amputated rather than done procedure).
“It is a picture that even strong men find difficult to look at long, if they can look at all.”
Painting hung in the ampitheater of the Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia where the painting hung until it was sold in 2006.
All people in this painting can be identified by historians

35. Baby at Play 1876

36. Baby at Play
The painting depicts the artist's two-and-a-half-year- old niece, Ella Crowell playing.
His penetrating psychological insight elevates this picture from a sentimental genre scene to a highly serious portrayal of an earnest, intelligent child.
Controversy?
There isn’t much controversy surrounding the baby. The composition has been discussed because the relaxed scene of the child playing has such a formal composition.
Formal Elements:
Her figure is arranged in a stable pyramidal block at the composition's center and the deft handling of light and shadow further emphasizes spatial volume. Eakins' choice of a lowered vantage point encourages the spectator to adopt a child's point of view.

37. Max Schmitt in a Single Scull

38. Theater in the Age of Realism

39. Realism in Theater There is significant character development Dialogue
Foreshadowing
Cause-and-Effect Structure
sometimes even seemed “plotless”
no real story but only a focus on the characters.
Characters finally seen as individuals with props that give information on the character
Subjects:
Dismal
Controversial topics
topics which Victorian society attempted to conceal.
The plays you will study confront and redefine Victorian gender roles.

40. Realist Themes Realist Themes: Theme One: Theme Two: Theme Three:
Direct observation of human behavior and it was to deal with everyday life and problems as subjects and themes.
Theme Two:
Criticism of societies and the recognition of the absurdity of life.
Theme Three:
A longing for another life that is either better or different than the one being lived.

41. Things to Get: Things to Do: Notebook paper for notes
This can be your Realist Theater notes that you have already started
Learning Guide from the front table
Things to Do:
TURN IN REALISM SELF PORTRAIT AND MARCH CULTURE PROJECT TO MY DESK!
Opener:
Review of Previous Age of Isms Content
Class work:
Notes and Application of Realist Theater and Victorian Gender Roles
Exit:
Gender Roles and the impact of Ibsen and Shaw

42. Opener - Use your notes to answer these questions.
1.Identify the title and composer of the piece being played.
2.Name the ballet, composer, and title of the dance scene being played.
3.Which of the following correctly matches the title, artist, and subject?
The Hay Wain, Goya, farmers being persecuted for not bringing in enough crops.
The Death of Sardanopolus, Constable, the leader being executed for war crimes.
The Third of May, Goya, French war crime against Spain.
Family of Charles IV, Delacroix, The royal family is being assassinated by overtaxed and starving peasants.
4.Name the artist and title of the works seen below.
5.Last class you learned about Nora from A Doll’s House. The play ends with Nora “slamming the door” on her past life, her husband, and her children. Write a two sentence extension on the ending. What happens to Nora after she closes the door? C A B

43. Henrik Ibsen 1828 – 1906 Born in Norway
His plays attacked society’s values and dealt with unconventional subjects within the form of the well-made play (cause-and-effect structure).
Wrote about controversial topics of the time
(STDs, marriage issues, roles of women in society)
James Joyce said Ibsen’s work "has provoked more discussion and criticism that of any other living man."
Famous work: A Doll’s House (1879).

44. A Doll’s House- Background Knowledge
Major Idea: Gender Roles in Victorian England
“In terms of gender ideology, the accession of Victoria (as a Queen) was something of a paradox. Traditionally, women were defined physically and intellectually as the 'weaker' sex, in all ways subordinate to male authority. In private life women were subject to fathers, husbands, brothers even adult sons. Publicly, men dominated all decision-making in political, legal and economic affairs.” nder_health/gender_ideology/index.html
Famous Work: A Doll’s House

45. Reading: Why does A Doll’s House still impact us today?
Objective:
Demonstrate your knowledge of the impact of these plays on Victorian and Contemporary society
Assignment:
Read the summary of the play and answer the corresponding questions on your handout
Note: Some of the questions are
comprehension questions
(Do you understand the text?)
while others require you to analyze the impact of the play
(Do we still struggle with the same issues discussed in the play?)
Time Allotment:
12 minutes

47. Homework Objective: Create a Realist self-portrait Requirements:
All subject matter in the painting must be “Realistic”.
Clean lines… in a setting where you would occur
Your illustration must take up an entire sheet of white computer paper.
Your illustration must use color and must be drawn.
Point Value: 20 pts
(Equals two percentage points of your grade)

48. Homework Objective: Create a Realist self-portrait Requirements:
All subject matter in the painting must be “Realistic”.
Clean lines… in a setting where you would occur
Your illustration must take up an entire sheet of white computer paper.
Your illustration must use color and must be drawn.
Point Value: 20 pts
(Equals two percentage points of your grade)

49. Exit Slip- Question Summary
1) Why is the Hay Wain Romantic?
2) Saturn Devouring His Son and The Family of Charles IV were created during the Romanticism era and by the same artist. Why are they so different?
3) What is “gesamtkunstwerk?”
4) Listening Check: Identify the composer and the song title.
5) Why are Luncheon on the Grass and Olympia significant to the world of art?
6) What was the main goal of Realist art?
7) Why is The Burial at Ornans controversial?
8) Who is considered the father of the Realist movement?
9) What technological innovation fueled the Realist Movement?
10) Practice short answer:
List the three innovations made to ballet during the Romantic period.
Explain why each of these innovations was made and how it reflects Romanticism in dance.

50. 1.) Why is this painting
Romantic?
Cleanliness of nature contrasts with the filth of the city during the Industrial Revolution.
The use of the Classical style in depicting the human figure.
The focus on chivalry and the supernatural.
The ornamentation and bold colors that the artist has incorporated to attract attention.

51. 2.)
2.) Both paintings were created during the Romanticism era and by the same artist. Why are they so different?
The artist became mentally ill and wanted to share his nightmarish visions with the world.
The artist lost favor with the royal family and wanted to depict them being eaten.
The artist lost his hearing and as a result became very callous and began creating nightmarish depictions to reflect his pain.
The above statement is incorrect and the painting on the left actually belongs in the Baroque era.

52. 3.) What is “gesamtkunstwerk?”
Wagner’s description of his vision of opera as a perfect union of theatre, music, dance, and visual art.
A synonym for polyphony combining two different melodic lines simultaneously.
The aspects of music that determines the variations in of loudness or softness.
A form of music in which a theme is developed usually by counterpoint.

53. 4.) Listening Check: Identify the composer and the song title.
Ride of the Valkyries, Wagner
Kill Da Wabbit, Palestrina
The Wedding March, Wagner
Four Swans, Tchaikovsky
Ride of the Valkyries is the one I will be using, I will probably also play Swan Lake for them when we trade and grade.

54. 5.) Why are the above paintings significant to the world of art?
They portrayed wealthy and influential women of the time period.
They are the definition of what should be in a Romantic painting.
They document important events of the time period.
They represent the beginning of modern art.

55. 6.) What was the main goal of Realist art?
To help people remember times when life was simpler.
Provide an escape from the rigors of the Industrial Revolution.
To give truthful/objective view of the world, show the viewer things as they actually appear.
To inspire emotions of awe and chivalry.

56. 7.) Why is this painting controversial?
The man being buried was a known criminal and did not deserve to be painted.
The Catholic church was angry that some of the mourners were protestant and should not have been included.
Conflicted with Romantic ideals of heroism and a lack of respect for social hierarchy.
The artist failed to be a scientific observer of the scene.

57. 8.) Who is considered the father of the Realist movement?
Bernini
Eakin
Courbet
Manet

58. 9.) What technological innovation fueled the Realist Movement?
The Cotton Gin
The Telegraph
The Phonograph
The Camera