1. Intro to EEG
Nicholas J. Beimer, MD

2. Lead placement
10-20 system

3. Common montages
longitudinal bipolar
transverse

4. Normal 20 year old

5. Normal 20 year old

6. Normal 20 year old

7. Normal 20 year old

8. Frequency ranges of EEG
Hz Delta
Hz Theta
Hz Alpha
>13 Hz Beta
* Difference between alpha frequency and alpha rhythm

9. (posterior dominant rhythm)
Normal 20 year old
10 Hz PDR
(posterior dominant rhythm)

10. Normal PDR by age 3-4 Hz 3-4 months 5-6 Hz 1 year 7 Hz 2 years

11. Normal

12. Normal
Eye closure

13. Normal

14. Alpha squeak: transient increase in alpha rhythm after eye blink
Normal
Alpha squeak: transient increase in alpha rhythm after eye blink

15. Normal

16. Lambda waves: sharply contoured, occipital, occur with visual scanning
Normal
Lambda waves: sharply contoured, occipital, occur with visual scanning

17. Normal

18. POSTS: positive occipital sharp transients of sleep
Normal
POSTS: positive occipital sharp transients of sleep

19. Normal

20. Normal
Sleep spindles: about 13 Hz, 0.5 sec burst, characteristic of stage II sleep

21. Normal

22. Normal
K complex: Negative sharp wave, then slower positive component, associated with spindles

23. Normal

24. Normal
Vertex waves

25. Normal

26. Posterior slow waves of youth (prominent in ages 3-10)
Normal
Posterior slow waves of youth (prominent in ages 3-10)

27. If this is normal, how old is the patient?

28. Normal 75 year old Age >65:
Focal temporal delta slowing once every several minutes
Increase in frontal beta
PDR still 8.5 hz or greater

29. Normal

30. Normal
Hypnagogic hypersynchrony: 4-5 Hz rhythmic bursts in young children, a marker of drowsiness and transitional sleep

31. Rapid lateral eye movements
Normal
Rapid lateral eye movements

32. Sawtooth waves: theta frequency, sawtooth shape
Normal
Sawtooth waves: theta frequency, sawtooth shape

33. REM

34. Provocative measures

35. Provocative measures
Photic driving

36. Provocative measures
Photic driving

37. Slowing with hyperventilation
Provocative measures
Slowing with hyperventilation

38. Benign variants

39. Benign variants
Mu: frontocentral alpha rhythm that disappears when pt. opens and closes contralateral hand

40. Benign variants

41. RMTTD: rhythmic temporal theta of drowsiness
Benign variants
RMTTD: rhythmic temporal theta of drowsiness

42. Benign variants

43. BETS: benign epileptiform transients of sleep
Benign variants
BETS: benign epileptiform transients of sleep

44. Benign variants

45. Benign variants
Wicket spikes

46. Benign variants 14 and 6 positive bursts 14 and/or 6 Hz
6 Hz more common in early childhood
14 Hz more common in late childhood/adolescence

47. Benign variants 14 and 6 positive bursts 14 and/or 6 Hz
6 Hz more common in early childhood
14 Hz more common in late childhood/adolescence