1. Inference Roman Republic
World History
Unit 3, Lesson 2
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2. Inference
An inference is a logical conclusion based on information that is assumed to be true
Provide examples of one or two images and model how to infer based on an image.
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3. From a historian’s perspective, what might this shape represent?
Inference:
The act or process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true.
From a historian’s perspective, what might this shape represent?
Pace this activity so that enough time is provided for students to infer after each image is projected. Spend no more than ________
Top: (1889/2012). Classical Rome: Political structure. (1889/2012). [Web Photo]. Retrieved from
Bottom: (2007). Pont du gard aqueduct. (2007). [Web Photo]. Retrieved from
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4. Rise of Rome Pax Romana “Roman Peace”
How might geography affect an emerging civilization?
Early settlement of Rome in the Italian Peninsula at around 700 BC along the Tiber River
Roman Republic is established at around 509 BC
Roman Republic Expands: The Roman Empire
Pax Romana “Roman Peace”
(lasting about 200 years from 27 BC to 395 AD)
Go to Slide:
Roman Empire
The Italian Peninsula image is hyperlinked to the next slide for additional information on the early settlement of Rome.
The hyperlink provides students with more information and images.
Left: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
Center: (2012). History of italy. (2012). [Web Map]. Retrieved from
Right: (2007). Pont du gard aqueduct. (2007). [Web Photo]. Retrieved from
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5. Click on map to go back to “Rise of Rome” slide
Early Romans:
Latin- Early settlers of Rome
Etruscans- Northern Italy
Eventually take control of Rome and build it into a great city.
Build it on 7 hills for protection.
509 BC- Romans drive Etruscans out.
Top: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
Bottom: (2012). History of italy. (2012). [Web Map]. Retrieved from
Click on map to go back to “Rise of Rome” slide
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6. (2013). The roman empire around 44 bc. (2013). [Web Map]
(2013). The roman empire around 44 bc. (2013). [Web Map]. Retrieved from
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7. Roman Government: Republic
Republic - a government with elected representatives
Twelve Tables
Patricians
Plebeians
Senate
Consuls
(2010). Topics for western civilization. (2010). [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
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8. Roman Government
Patricians- wealthy landowners that controlled the republic.
Consuls- two individuals that directed the daily affairs of government and led the army.
One-year terms
(2008). Julius caesar. (2008). [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
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9. The Senate
300-member council of patricians that made laws and served Rome
Most powerful part
of the Republic
Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
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10. Click on map to go back to “Rise of Rome” slide
The Plebeians
The common people (common farmers, artisans, merchants)
Had no say in government
Allowed to take part in the assembly, but had less power than the Senate.
Twelve Tables- 451 BCE
Plebeians have Roman laws written.
Gives common people some protection against unfair patrician decisions.
Twelve Tables may be found at:
Left:(2008). Ancient greek man drinking wine . (2008). [Web Photo]. Retrieved from
Right:(2012). History of italy. (2012). [Web Map]. Retrieved from
Click on map to go back to “Rise of Rome” slide
©2012, TESCCC

11. Rise of Rome Pax Romana “Roman Peace”
How might geography affect an emerging civilization?
Early settlement of Rome in the Italian Peninsula at around 700 BC along the Tiber River
Roman Republic is established at around 509 BC
Roman Republic Expands: The Roman Empire
Pax Romana “Roman Peace”
(lasting about 200 years from 27 BC to 395 AD)
Go to Slide:
Roman Empire
The Italian Peninsula image is hyperlinked to the next slide for additional information on the early settlement of Rome.
The hyperlink provides students with more information and images.
Left: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
Center: (2012). History of italy. (2012). [Web Map]. Retrieved from
Right: (2007). Pont du gard aqueduct. (2007). [Web Photo]. Retrieved from
©2012, TESCCC

12. The Roman Empire
Rome had a superior army due to its discipline and organization
Roman Legions (army units)
Punic Wars (a series of wars that were fought to expand the size of Rome)
Rome expands to North Africa, parts of Europe and other lands surrounding the Mediterranean Sea.
Emperor Trajan brings Rome to its height in 117 AD
(2000). Caesar in asia minor. (2000). [Web Photo]. Retrieved from
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13. Julius Caesar Reforms Rome
Reorganized government with him as dictator.
Lowered taxes.
Made governors responsible to him.
Granted citizenship to conquered peoples.
March 15, 44 BCE- Caesar assassinated
Stabbed in the Senate “Beware the Ides of March.”
Augustus (Octavian) Caesar next ruler
Pax Romana (a period of peace: 27 BC to 395 AD)
Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
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14. The Roman Empire Augustus Caesar gains control of the following:
Military
Takes complete control
Gives veterans bonuses of land.
Provinces
Supervised all the governors.
Loyalty to Rome
Granted citizenship to more conquered peoples of Europe.
Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
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15. Why do Empires Fall?
Empire: A major political unit having a territory of greater extent or a number of territories or peoples under a single sovereign authority.
Center:Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
Bottom: (2000). Caesar in asia minor. (2000). [Web Photo]. Retrieved from
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16. 476 AD marks the official fall of Rome
Invasions
Weak military
Failure to collect taxes
Bad leadership
476 AD marks the official fall of Rome
Empire was too large
Increase use of slaves put Romans out of work
Prices increased
Corruption
Decrease in trade
Invasions: Franks, Visigoths, Huns, Vandals, Saxons
Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
©2012, TESCCC

17. Roman Empire is divided into the Western Empire and the Eastern Empire (Byzantine Empire)
Justinian Code
After the fall of the Roman Empire, the eastern part of the empire (Byzantine Empire) under Emperor Justinian clarified Roman Laws. Justinian, at around 529 (AD) formed a committee of ten men to work on this project. The end product was the Justinian Code of Laws. Today, much of modern day laws are based on Roman Law and the Justinian Code of Laws.
(2010). The roman empire divided. (2010). [Web Map]. Retrieved from
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18. Roman Influences
Draw a graphic organizer on your booklet (last two pages of your booklet). You may add more extensions to the organizer.
Religious
Political
Roman
Influences
Culture
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19. The Rise and Fall of Rome
Pax Romana
Images: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
500 BC
476 AD
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