2. Interpersonal Neurobiology Seigel’s Triangle of Well-Being
Mind
Relationships
Brain

3. Universal Core Emotional Needs
Safety
Security
Nurturance
Acceptance
Autonomy
Living within realistic limits  self-control
Competence
Sense of identity
Freedom to express feelings and needs

4. Secure Base Perceived Threat Felt security Safe Haven
Self-Confidence/Exploration
Felt security
Caregiver’s
Signal detection and
interpretation
Secure Base
Perceived Threat
Safe Haven
Attachment System
Signaling
Proximity Seeking

5. Sense of Self Secure Base Sense of Other Felt Security Safe Haven
I’m lovable
I matter
I’m okay
I can control myself
The world is basically
safe
Felt Security
Basic Needs
Autonomy
Competence
Identity
Creativity-spontaneity
Realistic Limits-Self Control
Balancing
Secure Base
Safe Haven
You are trustworthy
You can and will help me:
Express my feelings
Regulate my feelings
I can handle my feelings
effectively
Sense of Other
Basic Needs
Safety
Nurturance
Acceptance

6. Bottom-Line about attachment
Attachment Theory is, a theory of emotion regulation

7. Emotion Regulation: Anxiety, Depression, and Emotional Disorders
Current research on anxiety and major emotional disorders.
Lots of overlap of symptoms
Lots of life time comorbidity
Treatments for specific anxiety disorder helps other anxiety disorders and even helps mood disorder symptoms
Affective Neuroscience: suggest a common underlying brain structure for all anxiety and emotional disorder:
Hyper-excitable limbic structures—especially amydala
Limited inhibitory control by cortical structures—especially areas in middle PFC
Shin , L.M. , & Liberzon , I . ( 2010 ). The neurocircuitry of fear, stress, and anxiety disorders . Neuropsychopharmacology Reviews, 35, 169 – 191 .

8. Triple Vulnerability
Common genetic contribution generalized biological vulnerability
Temperament: anxiety, neuroticism, negative affect, behavior inhibition— avoidance
This can lie dormant until activated by environment (e.g., non-responsive parenting)
Environmental Risk Generalized Psychological Vulnerabilitya sense that life is uncontrollable and unpredictable
A specific stressful life event-activates generalized biological vulnerability-- Specific psychological vulnerability (turning focus of anxiety or depression)Disorder specific symptoms

9. Emotion dysregulation and psychopathology
Maladaptive emotion regulation strategies
Experiential avoidance
Avoidance behaviors
Emotionally driven behaviors—tension reduction

10. Understanding the ARC of Emotions

11. Tracking-Monitoring Emotions

12. Teaching Emotion Awareness and Oberservation
The River Metaphor

13. Feeling Thoughts Evaluate Observe Reflect Describe Use Images The Body
Sensations
Images
Feeling
Thoughts
The Body
The Environment
Past Experience

14. Targeting Emotion Avoidance

15. More Emotionally Avoidant Behaviors

16. Exposure In vivo exposure Imaginal exposure Interoceptive exposure
All three designed to get people to face situations or internal experiences that trigger negative emotion but without negative using avoidance behavior

17. Targeting Emotionally Driven Behaviors

18. Exposure with response prevention for OCD

19. Behavior Activation Training For Depression
Breaking the motivation, energy, pleasure paradox

20. A Level, attachment
B Level, Friends