1. Section 1: Psychodynamic Perspective
Chapter 10 Lesson 1
Section 1: Psychodynamic Perspective

2. a pattern of enduring, distinctive
Personality
a pattern of enduring, distinctive
thoughts
emotions
behaviors
that characterize the way an individual adapts to the world
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3. 1. Psychodynamic Perspectives
Theoretical view emphasizing that personality is primarily unconscious.
“Unconscious” as motivated suppression
Symbolic meanings underlie behaviors
Early childhood experiences sculpt the individual’s personality
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4. A. Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory
Psychoanalysis
Somatoform Disorders
Freudian Slip
Structures of Personality
The Id
instincts and reservoir of psychic energy
pleasure principle
The Ego
deals with the demands of reality
reality principle
The Superego
moral branch of personality; “conscience”

5. Personality Structure
Iceberg Analogy of Human Personality
Ego
Note: Instructor may choose to use this slide at several different points in lecture: (1) after Id/Ego/Superego are introduced; (2) after Unconscious processes and Repression are introduced; or (3) after Defense Mechanisms are enumerated. Reposition slide as appropriate.
Superego Id
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6. A. Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory (2)
Conflict between the id, ego, and superego results in anxiety.
Defense Mechanisms
reduce anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality
not necessarily unhealthy
Denial: disbelieve present reality
Displacement: shift feelings to new object
Repression: forget the unacceptable
Sublimation: transform vile to valuable
Projection: attribute own faults to others

7. A. Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory (3)
The Psychosexual Stages of Personality Development
Oral Stage: 0-18 Months
infant’s pleasure centers on the mouth
Anal Stage: Months
child’s pleasure involves eliminative functions
Phallic Stage: 3-6 Years
child’s pleasure focuses on the genitals
Oedipal complex
castration anxiety
penis envy

8. A. Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory (4)
The Psychosexual Stages of Personality Development (Continued)
Latency Stage: 6 Years – Puberty
psychic “time-out”
interest in sexuality is repressed
Genital Stage: Adolescence and Adulthood
sexual reawakening
source of sexual pleasure is someone else
Fixation - Remain locked in particular developmental stage (e.g., anal retentive)

9. B. Psychodynamic Critics and Revisionists
Horney’s Sociocultural Approach
both sexes envy the attributes of the other
need for security, not sex, is primary motivator
Jung’s Analytical Theory
The Collective Unconscious
Archetypes
Adler’s Individual Psychology
perfection, not pleasure, is key motivator

10. C. Evaluating the Psychodynamic Perspectives
Core Principles with Freud’s Theory
Contributions
importance of childhood experiences
development proceeds in stages
Individuals transform experiences, giving them meaning
role of unconscious processes
conflicts between inner and outer worlds
personality and adjustment are worthy topics of psychological inquiry

11. C. Evaluating the Psychodynamic Perspectives (2)
Criticisms
too much emphasis on early experiences
too much faith in unconscious mind’s control
too much emphasis on sexuality
In the past, theory was considered untestable. Now, tests of the theory are not given their due.