1. + - - + EF reversal EF A E B F C G D H EF A E
360 min
0 min B F
420 min
60 min C G
180 min
540 min D H
300 min
660 min
Zhang et al., Supplemental Fig. 1
Reversal of field polarity reversed migration direction.

2. + - EF A E B F C G D H EF + - EF + - Isolated hiPS cells EF
Isolated hiPS cells
big colony of hiPS cells A E
0 min B F
90 min C G
180 min D H EF EF
Zhang et al., Supplemental Fig. 2
Electrotaxis of an Isolated and a large colony of hiPS cells.

3. * * * * * * Zhang et al., Supplemental Fig. 3
Displacement along X axis.

4. A B C Zhang et al. Supplemental Fig. 4.
SSEA-4
Oct-4
merger A B C
Zhang et al. Supplemental Fig. 4.
Small electric fields did not alter expression of stem cell markers.

5. A B C D + - + - NO EF NO EF + Y- 27632 EF EF+ Y-27632
EF+ Y-27632 EF
Zhang et al., supplemental Fig. 5
ROCK inhibition altered cell morphology and induce protrusions in hiPS cells.

6. A C B NO EF EF + - * * 0 h 0 h 3 h 3 h 100mV/mm 1 4 3 2 4 1 3 6 2 5 5
Zhang et al. Supplemental Fig. 6
EFs guide anodal migration of dermal fibroblasts in 2D. A, representative images showing cells migrate anodally when treated with EFs (right panel), as compared to non-EFs treated controls (left panel); B and C, quantitative
analysis showing significantly increased directedness (B) and trajectory speed
(C) of cells by EFs stimulation. *, P<0.01.

7. A C B NO EF EF + - * * 0 h 0 h 6 h 6 h 200mV/mm 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2
Zhang et al. Supplemental Fig. 7
EFs guide anodal migration of dermal fibroblasts in 3D. A, representative images showing cells migrate anodally in 3D when treated with EFs (right panel), as compared to non-EFs treated controls (left panel); B and C,
quantitative analysis showing significantly increased directedness (B) and
trajectory speed (C) of cells in 3D by EFs stimulation. *, P<0.01.

8. A B C * * * * 0 h 3 h 6 h 50mV/mm 100mV/mm
Zhang et al. Supplemental Fig. 8
Galvanotaxis of hiPS cells in 3D at 50mV/mm and 100mV/mm. A, representative images showing anodal migration of hiPS cells at 50mV/mm (left panel) and 100 mV/mm (right panel); B and C, quantitative analysis showing the directedness (B) and migration speed (C) of hiPS cells at indicated EFs
strength. *, P<0.01.