1. “Introduction to Mapping Skills & Topographic Maps”
Geography 12: Ms. Pasichnyk

2. ELEVATION: represented 3 different ways
Hypsometric Tinting
Bench Marks
Contour Lines

3. HYPSOMETRIC TINTING
different colours represent different elevations i.e. green=sea level, rust/brown=higher elevations

4. BENCH MARKS *used to show specific spot heights, a “precise” location
*i.e.

5. CONTOUR LINES:join spots of equal elevation on a map

6. Facts about contour lines:
They do not touch or cross
Never end, except at the end of the map
A standard interval is always used & remains consistent throughout the map (i.e. Rosedale County Map was 20 meters)
Some contour lines are labeled for identification

7. Activity: Make a Cross-Section Profile (Start in pencil!)
Use a ruler or straight edge to draw a line from point A to B
Use pencil! Connect to the correct elevation from above
Repeat for each intersected contour line

8. GRID REFERENCES aka Military Grid System
Invented during WW I in place of lat/long to find specific coordinates
Eastings=vertical lines; read from left to right (east to west)
Northings=horizontal lines; read from bottom to top (south to north)

9. Grid Reference Practice
Put Point A & B coordinates on your map
X=048826
Y=__________
Z= _________