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Biology How etymology (learning root words) can help in understanding biological terms better…
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What Makes Biology So Hard?
Vocabulary – If you knew the prefixes and suffixes, you can tackle the tough words!!! Have you ever heard of pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis?
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Yes, this is an actual word. What does it mean?
It is an obscure term ostensibly referring to a lung disease caused by silica dust, sometimes cited as one of the longest words in the English language.
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What do these terms mean?
Ursus maritimus Odocoileus virginianus nocturnal enuresis borborygmi. gustatory rhinitis horripilation. crepitus
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Biology can be filled with words that sometime seem incomprehensible
Biology can be filled with words that sometime seem incomprehensible. By "dissecting" these words into discrete units, even the most complex terms can be understood. The following pages are designed to give you the tools needed to understand the most common prefixes and suffixes in biology. By using these prefixes and suffixes, even the most difficult words like the one above can be easily understood.
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Means - A or An – Not or without Examples – asexual, abiotic
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Anti Means – Against or opposite Example - Antibiotic
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Aqua - water
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-ase meaning – enzymes Example - Lactase
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Auto – meaning: self Examples - autotroph
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Bacter – bacteria Examples: Bacteria
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Bi Means – two, twice, double Example - biceps
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Example - biotechnology
Means – life Example - biotechnology
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Carcin- meaning: cancer causing
Examples - carcinogen
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Carn Means – meat or flesh Example - Carnivore
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Cholor- Means - green Example - chlorophyll
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Example – suicide, pesticide
Means - kill Example – suicide, pesticide
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Cilia Means – hair like Example - ciliates
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Co - Means – together or with Example - coevolution
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Cyt- Means - cell Example - cytoplasm
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Di - Means –two Example – diurnal & dichotomous
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Eco Means – house Example – ecosystem
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Endo Means – inner Example - endoderm
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Eu- Means – true or good Example – eukaryotic cells
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Epi- Means –above or upon Example - epidermis
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Ex(o) Means – out or from Example - exocytosis
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gene Means – origin or birth Example - biogenesis
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Glyco() Means – sugar Example - glycogen
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Gluc- Means – sugar Example - glucose
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Herb Means – plant Example - herbivore
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Means – other or different Example - heterosexual
Mr. & Mrs. Forman July 2004
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Hibern – Means – Sleep Example - Hibernate
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Homo or Homeo Means – same Example - homocercal
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Hyper- Means – above, greater than normal Example – hypertension
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Hydr Means – water Example - hydrology
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Hypo- Means – below or less than normal Example - hypotonic
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-ist Means – person who studies Example - cytologist
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-itis Means – inflammation Example - arthitis
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Karyo- Means – cell nucleus Example – prokaryotic cell
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-lys Means – decompose, split, dissolve Example – analysis or cell lysis
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Macr(o)- Means – large Example - Macromolecule
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Micro- Means – small Example – microscope
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Multi- Means – many Example – multicellular
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ology Means – study of Example – paleontology
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-phil Means – love Example – hydophilia or hemophilia
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phob Means – fear Example – arachnophobia
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photo Means – light Example – photosynthesis or phototropism
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-phyll Means –leaf Example – chlorophyll
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-plasm Means – jelly or formative substance Example -cytoplasm
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-pod Means – foot Example - arthopod
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Poly- Means – many Example – polymers usually used in chemistry
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Pseudo- Means – false Example – pseudopod
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sacchar Means – sugar Example - polysaccaride
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syn Means – to put together Example - photosynthesis
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Means – nourishment or one who feeds Example - Autotroph
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-therm Means – heat Example – endothermic or exothermic
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uni- Means – one or single Example - unicellular
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-vor- means- devour or eat Examples - carnivore
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Zo/zoa Means – animal Example – protozoa – protist that are animal like - consumer
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Zyg- Means – union or to form Example - zygote
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