1. The Era of Good Feelings and the Return of Sectionalism
Unit 4 Final Exam Review
The Era of Good Feelings and the Return of Sectionalism

2. Antebellum Period
1. Antebellum Period—time period in American history before the Civil War

3. Nationalism
2. Nationalism—feeling of strong patriotism, was high during the Era of Good Feelings and overshadowed sectionalism

4. Era of Good Feelings
3. Era of Good Feelings—time of nationalism and economic growth in the United States after the War of 1812

5. Hudson River School
4. Hudson River School—group of American landscape painters whose work reflected nationalism

6. John Marshall
5. John Marshall—Supreme Court chief justice whose rulings reflected nationalism and strengthened the federal government’s power

7. McCulloch v. Maryland
6. McCulloch v. Maryland—said states could not tax the Bank of the United States, increasing the federal government’s power

8. Gibbons v. Ogden
7. Gibbons v. Ogden—strengthened the federal government’s power by saying it controlled interstate commerce

9. Adams-Onis Treaty
8. Adams-Onis Treaty—agreement with Spain that gave Florida to the United States

10. Monroe Doctrine
9. Monroe Doctrine—foreign policy that declared the Americas off-limits to European powers

11. American System
10. American System—Henry Clay’s economic plan to create a NATIONAL economy that could also expand west

12. Internal Improvements
11. Internal Improvements—roads, canals, and railroads whose construction helped develop the national economy

13. Steel Plow and Mechanical Reaper
12. Steel plow and mechanical reaper—inventions that encouraged farmers to build larger farms in the West

14. Cotton Gin
13. Cotton gin—invention that made cotton profitable and increased the South’s need for slavery

15. First Industrial Revolution
14. First Industrial Revolution—occurred before the Civil War, involved growth of factories, textiles, cities, and immigration in the North

16. Erie Canal
15. Erie Canal—connected western New York farms with eastern cities, increasing western settlement

17. Market Revolution
16. Market Revolution—development of a NATIONAL interdependent economy based on new inventions, transportation, and industrialization

18. Urbanization
17. Urbanization—growth of cities caused by industrialization and immigration but led to overcrowding, crime, and sanitation issues

19. Lowell Mill System
18. Lowell Mill System—textile mills that employed, housed, and heavily controlled young female workers

20. Cotton Kingdom
19. Cotton Kingdom—nickname for the South that reflected that its economy was based on slaves and cotton

21. Slave Codes
20. Slave codes—laws meant to keep slaves in control by restricting their freedom, education, and ability to assemble

22. Sectionalism
21. Sectionalism—increased due to debate over slavery and westward expansion, increased federal power, and competing visions for the country

23. Missouri Compromise
22. Missouri Compromise—created by Henry Clay to keep slave and free states equal and reduce sectionalism as the country expanded west

24. Corrupt Bargain
23. Corrupt Bargain—Andrew Jackson’s term for the Election of 1824 because he felt John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay stole the election

25. Universal White Male Suffrage
24. Universal White Male Suffrage—expansion of voting to poorer classes that led to more election participation, campaigning, and mudslinging

26. Election of 1828
25. Election of 1828—won by Andrew Jackson due to universal white male suffrage, ushering in the “Era of the Common Man”