1. Canals Road Steam Ships Locomotives
Transport Revolution
Canals
Road
Steam Ships
Locomotives

2. Canals: Easier to transport heavy goods
James Brindley (engineer) built viaduct, for Duke of Waterway, to transport coal to Manchester.
Grand Canal: Dublin to Shannon, carried passengers.

3. Roads: Changes: Better roads: Turnpike Roads & Tolls Problems:
James Metcalf solid foundations
John McAdam Rough Stone chippings
Thomas Telford Drainage ditches
Turnpike Roads & Tolls
Stage coaches:
Public coaches pulled by 4 horses
Mail Coaches:
Express coaches to transport mail
Charles Bianconi:
‘long car’ pulled by horses (1815)
Public transport between smaller towns
Problems:
Long journeys
Bad roads: pot holes, muck, dust.
Quicker to walk journeys.

4. Steam Ships Ships depended a lot on weather to sail
Steam Power changed this (James Watt)
1st steam engine ship: (1786) Hudson River, New York
By 1815, steam ships regularly crossing Irish sea
By 1850s steam ships replaced sailing ships

5. Locomotives:
End of 1700s, steam driven wagon invented to drive on roads = too heavy for road
1804 Richard Trevithick adapted this design to run on rails
1825 George Stephenson built first railway between Stockton & Darlington.

6. George Stephenson and railway competition:
Competition held to see if locomotive of horse drawn cart better to transport goods on the railway.
Stephenson entered his locomotive Rocket
Rocket won competition = railway would use locomotives to transport goods.
First Irish railway built in 1834, between Dublin city and Dun Laoghire

7. The effects of the Railway:
Fast and cheap transport
Heavy goods transported quickly over long distances
Boosted coal mining, iron and steel industries
Boosted tourism and movement of people
Fresh Food transported to cities faster
Created employment
Led to decline in the use of canals and roads

8. Samuel Morse (1791 – 1872)