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2. Non-importation Agreements
a form of protest against British policies
colonial merchants refused to import British goods

3. Virtual Representation
the British argument that the American colonies were represented in Parliament, since the members of Parliament represented all Englishmen in the empire

4. Whig Ideology idea that concentrated power leads
to corruption and tyranny

5. Writs of Assistance
general search warrants used by Britain in an effort to prevent smuggling in the American colonies

6. "No Taxation Without Representation"
the assertion that Great Britain had no right to tax the American colonies as long as they were not represented in the British Parliament

7. The Constitution: The Great Compromise
Virginia Plan called for two houses controlled by population
New Jersey Plan wanted one house with equal representation
a bicameral legislature
with one house controlled by population
the other with two representatives from each state

8. The Constitution: The 3/5 Compromise
Southern states wanted to count their slaves to gain more representation
a slave would count as 3/5 of a person
helped determine representatives in the House

9. The Constitution: Executive Elections
Some delegates thought it should be a popular vote
Others thought that people could not be trusted with such a big decision
electoral college

10. Separation of Powers three separate branches: checks and balances:
executive: headed by the President
judicial: the Supreme Court and the lower federal courts
legislative: the Senate and the House of Representatives
checks and balances:
no one branch can
gain absolute power

11. Ratification Anti-Federalists The Federalists
national government had too much power
no bill of rights
national government could maintain an army in peacetime
Congress had too much power
The Federalists
separation of powers kept the government branches equal
The Articles of Confederation were weak and ineffective

12. Article 1: Legislative Branch
House of Representatives:
members serve 2-yr terms
representatives based on population
where all revenue bills originate

13. Article 1 continued Senate: members serve 6-yr terms
two senators from each state chosen by state legislatures
the vice-president is the president
ratifies treaties

14. Article 1 continued
President's veto can be overridden with 2/3 vote of both houses
Congress:
collect taxes
regulate foreign and interstate commerce
coin money
establish post offices
declare war
raise army/navy
cannot suspend writ of habeas corpus

15. Article 2: Executive Branch
President:
serves 4-yr term
elected by electors from each state
commander-in-chief of army, navy, and state militias
makes treaties and appointments for ambassadors, executive departments, and Supreme Court