1. Female Reproductive System

2. The purpose of the female reproductive system

3. 12. Urethra – passageway for urine from bladder to outside of body 9
12. Urethra – passageway for urine from bladder to outside of body 9. Bladder – stores urine 10. Anus- the opening at the end of the rectum through which solid waste matter leaves the body.

4. 1. Ovary: female sex glands; secrete hormones likes estrogen; produce mature ova (eggs)

5. 2. Fallopian Tube: tubes on each side of the uterus that are near the ovaries and connect to the uterus

6. 3. Uterus: hollow muscular organ to receives and holds the fertilized ovum during pregnancy
3a. Cervix: small opening from the uterus to the vagina
Endometrium: the inner lining of the uterus; builds up with nutrients (blood and fluids) in preparation for a fertilized ovum

7. 4. Vagina: an elastic, muscle lined tube; passageway for baby (birth canal) and menstrual fluids
5. Clitoris: small, sensitive organ located on the vulva, just above the urethra and the vaginal opening.

8. 6. Labia Majora: fatty outer folds on either side of the vaginal and urethral opening; normal skin
7. Labia Minora: 2 smaller folds between the labia majora; tissue consists of oil glands and blood vessels

9. 8. Mons Pubis: rounded mound of fatty tissue located on the front of the female pelvis, directly over the pubic bone

10. Vulva – External female reproductive organs
Includes:
Mons pubis, Labia Majora, Labia Minora, Vaginal Opening, and Clitoris

11. Ovary 5. Clitoris 9. Bladder Fallopian Tube 6. Labia Majora 10. Anus
Uterus 7. Labia Minora 11. Perineum
3a. Cervix 8. Mons Pubis Urethra

12. Ovary Uterus
Fallopian Tube 3a. Cervix

13. Menstrual Cycle

14. Ovulation – maturing and release of an ovum/egg

15. Menstrual Cycle Menstruation – the process of shedding the uterine lining.
Prepares uterus for conception
28 day average
If conception doesn’t occur, the body will menstruate and start over

17. Concerns About the Female Reproductive System
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) – occurs 1-2 weeks before menstruation. Includes a variety of symptoms including:
Bloating
Backaches
Sore Breasts
Depression
Irritability
Mood Swings
Fatigue

18. Concerns About the Female Reproductive System
Dysmenorrhea – severe menstrual cramps
Amenorrhea – lack of menstruation by the age of 16 or the stopping of menstruation in a female who previously menstruated
Can be caused by illness or disease
Can also be caused by low body fat, poor caloric intake, or rigorous exercise.

19. Concerns About the Female Reproductive System
Infertility
Blocking of both fallopian tubes
Hormonal problems preventing ovulation
Endometriosis – condition where the uterine lining grows outside the uterus (causes scarring)
STDs – untreated gonorrhea and chlamydia

20. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome(PCOS)
A hormonal disorder causing enlarged ovaries with small cysts on the outer edges.

21. Female Cancers Breast cancer
No prevention, but EARLY DETECTION IS THE KEY!!!
Symptoms include:
Change in breast or nipple appearance
Lump or swelling in the breast
Lump in the armpit

22. Mammogram Done yearly once you are 40 years old
Can be done sooner if there is a family history of breast cancer
It’s an x-ray of the breast

23. Breast Self Exam Done monthly Look for anything odd
Lumps
Puckering of skin
Change in nipple
Discharge from nipple
Change in breast size
Be sure to check the armpit as well!

24. Female Cancers Cervical Cancer Ovarian Cancer
Can be detected by a Pap Smear (most effective test for diagnosing cancer)
Linked to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) which is an STD
Risk Factors – y/o, having sexual intercourse at a young age, not having regular Pap smears, and having multiple sexual partners.
Ovarian Cancer
Symptoms are similar to other diseases so it is hard to diagnose
Causes abnormal bleeding, unusual fatigue, unexplained weight gain or loss
Only 25% survival rate because early detection is difficult

25. Care of the Female Reproductive System
Shower daily using soap and water
Wipe from front to back
BSE monthly
Pap smear yearly
Mammogram yearly if over 40 years old

26. Things Not to Worry About:
Period not being regular for the first couple of years
Not having a period for up to a year after your first period
Breasts being different sizes or shapes from each other—this affects MOST women
Painful ovulation
Typical PMS symptoms
Things Not to Ignore:
Warts, rashes, sores
Hernia
Unusual discharge
Amenorrhea (menstrual cycle stops)
Cloudy urine, painful urination
Any changes in your breasts
Finding a lump or growth in your breasts
Unusually heavy period

27. Girls Who to Talk to
Parents
Doctor
Trusted Adult