1. Racial health equity in brazil’s affirmative action era
Kia Lilly Caldwell, Ph.D.
African, African American, and Diaspora Studies
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Presentation for the Lemann Dialogue, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
November 16, 2017

2. Health equity in Brazil, University of Illinois Press, 2017

3. Brazil’s “AFFIRMATIVE ACTION ERA”
From – 57 public higher education institutions adopted affirmative action policies
2010 Statute of Racial Equality
Provisions for affirmative action were removed from it
2012 Federal Law – Lei de Ingresso nas Universidades Federais e nas Instituições Federais de Ensino Médio Técnico (Law of Quotas for Higher Education)
Mandated that 50% of students admitted to federal universities come from public schools; required federal universities to admit preto (black), pardo (brown), and indígena (indigenous) students in proportion to numbers in each state or fed. unit.

4. Health equity
“the concept underlying a commitment to reducing health inequalities – that is, systemic, plausibly avoidable differences in health, varying according to levels of social advantage, with worse health occurring among the disadvantaged.”
- Paula Braveman (2010)
Emphasizes justice and redistributive justice

5. POST-DuRBan Policy Shifts
III World Conference against Racism, Xenophobia and Related Forms of Intolerance, Durban, South Africa, August 28 - September 8, 2001
President Fernando Henrique Cardoso admitted to existence of racism in report to U.N. Committee for the Elimination of Racism
Affirmative action programs in federal govt. created in 2001 under Cardoso
President Luis Inácio Lula da Silva ( )
Federal law (2003) mandated teaching of African and Afro-Brazilian history
Creation of SEPPIR in March 2003 (Special Secretariat for the Promotion of Racial Equality Policies)

6. Key developments related to the health of the black population (2001-2010)
Creation of Program to Combat Institutional Racism (PCRI)
2003
SEPPIR Signs Term of Commitment with Brazilian Ministry of Health
2004
Formation of Technical Committee on Health of the Black Population in Brazilian Ministry of Health
First National Seminar on the Health of the Black Population, organized by Brazilian Ministry of Health
Inclusion of Health of Black Population in National Health Plan, Plano Nacional de Saúde: um pacto pela saûde no Brasil, which also called for race/color to be included in all health records.
Creation of Brasil Afroatitude Program focusing on Black Population and AIDS, National STD/AIDS Program, Ministry of Health
2006
Launch of National Policy for Integral Attention to People with Sickle Cell Anemia and Other Blood Diseases

7. 2006
Black Movement Gains Representation on National Health Council for First Time ( )
Minister of Health Recognizes Existence of Institutional Racism in Unified Health System (SUS)
National Health Council Unanimously Approves Creation of National Policy for Integral Health of the Black Population (PNSIPN)
2007
13th National Health Conference Reinforces Importance of PNSIPN for Ensuring Equity in the SUS
2008
National Health Council Creates Intersectoral Commission on Health of Black Population
2009
Approval of PNSIPN by Tripartite Intersectoral Commission which oversees health policy at municipal, state, and federal levels
PNSIPN Becomes Official with Publication of Portaria 992 in the Diário Oficial da União
2010
National Council of Municipal Health Secretaries Publicly Affirms Commitment to Health Equity and Disseminates PNSIPN at XXVI National Congress
PNSIPN included in text of Statute of Racial Equality (Law ) signed into law by President Lula

8. 2010 statute of racial equality