1. 1 determine DAY Say it: de • ter • mine Write it: Write it again: verb
Meaning
to find out the facts about something
Examples
You can determine the age of a tree by the number of rings it has.
Synonyms
discover; figure out
We used a map to determine the best trail for our .
Forms
Present: I/You/We/They He/She/It
Past:
TOOLKIT
determine determines determined
Word Partners
try to determine
Examples
The doctor is running tests to try to determine the cause of the patient’s stomach pain.
It was easy to determine the author’s point of view when we looked closely at the words and details he chose to include in the article.
be easy/difficult to determine
Try It
I tried to determine where the sound was coming from, but as soon as I went outside, the sound stopped.
© Authors: Kinsella & Hancock All Rights Reserved.

2. 1 logical DAY , it’s logical to expect that you may get a sunburn.
adjective 1
Say it: log • i • cal
Write it:
Write it again:
Meaning
something that is based on careful reasoning and good sense
Examples
If you spend the day at the beach without putting on
, it’s logical to expect that you may get a sunburn.
Synonyms
reasonable; sensible
Antonyms
illogical
There was a logical explanation for the disappearance of the sandwich from the : the dog ate it!
TOOLKIT
Family
noun: logic
adverb: logically
Word Partners
perfectly logical
Examples
After my sister explained the difficult math equation, the solution seemed perfectly logical.
Because my brother had a high fever this morning, my mother made the logical decision to keep him home from school.
logical step/conclusion/ decision
Try It
When my father’s cell phone screen cracked, he thought it was perfectly logical to .
© Authors: Kinsella & Hancock All Rights Reserved.

3. 1 generalize DAY as diverse as the United States.
verb 1
Say it: gen • er • a • lize
Write it:
Write it again:
Meaning
to form an opinion after considering a small number of facts or examples
Examples
It’s difficult to generalize about the population of a
as diverse as the United States.
Synonyms
infer; presume
It is unfair to generalize that older people are less .
Forms
Present: I/You/We/They He/She/It
Past:
Family
noun: generalization
TOOLKIT
generalize generalizes generalized
Word Partners
generalize (something) from a few/limited (facts, examples)
be possible/impossible to
Examples
Some students generalize opinions about a new teacher from a
few experiences, but I prefer to form an opinion over a longer period of time.
Guatemala is a tropical country, but because it’s much colder in the
generalize mountainous areas, it’s impossible to generalize about the climate.
Try It
It’s not possible to generalize about the personality of all cats from experiences with only one cat. For example, some cats may be very aloof, but others are .
© Authors: Kinsella & Hancock All Rights Reserved.

4. 1 involve DAY Say it: in • volve Write it: Write it again: verb
Meaning
to include something as a necessary part, step, or result; to include someone
Examples
The of making fabric involves many steps, beginning with cutting the wool off the sheep.
Synonyms
include
After a storm, volunteer work at the park usually
involves planting trees and picking up .
Forms
Present: I/You/We/They He/She/It
Past:
Family
noun: involvement
adjective: involved
TOOLKIT
involve involves involved
Word Partners
typically/usually involve
Examples
The development of an interesting website usually involves
creating engaging graphics and brief headlines.
Our principal tries to directly involve students in decisions about the school dress code.
actively/directly involve
Try It
In my house, treatment for a severe cold usually involves lots of .
© Authors: Kinsella & Hancock All Rights Reserved.

5. 1 generalization DAY Say it: gen • er • a • li • za • tion Write it:
noun
Write it:
Write it again:
Meaning
a broad statement about someone or something that may be true in some situations but not all the time
Examples
It’s a generalization to say that all young girls like to play with and all young boys like to play with trucks.
Synonyms
statement; claim
Just because you one race, it’s unwise to make a generalization that you are the best on the team.
TOOLKIT
Forms
Singular:
Plural:
Family
verb: generalize
generalization generalizations
Word Partners
make a generalization about
Examples
The anthropologist used her extensive data to make generalizations about chimpanzee behavior.
After becoming sick from eating lobster one time, my cousin has made the broad generalization that all seafood will make her sick.
a/the broad/sweeping/hasty generalization
Try It
You shouldn’t make a generalization about a that you’ve never tried.
© Authors: Kinsella & Hancock All Rights Reserved.

6. 1 assume DAY Say it: as • sume Write it: Write it again: verb TOOLKIT
Meaning
to think that something is probably true, without having proof that it is actually true
Examples
My cousin is so much that I assume
there is a lot of pollen in the air today.
Synonyms
think; guess
Since the store was dark, and there were no cars in the , we reasonably assumed that the store was closed.
Forms
Present: I/You/We/They He/She/It
Past:
Family
noun: assumption
TOOLKIT
assume assumes assumed
Word Partners
reasonably/safely assume that
be a mistake to/wrong to/ easy to assume
Examples
If you enjoyed the first book of The Hunger Games, I think you can
safely assume that you’ll like the rest of the series.
It would be a mistake to assume that all models look perfect, because many magazine photos are airbrushed to remove imperfections.
Try It
Because the dog was wagging its tail, I thought I could safely assume that it was friendly. So I was surprised when it started to .
© Authors: Kinsella & Hancock All Rights Reserved.