1. CH 5: WATER
5.1 Our Water Resources

2. Water, water everywhere!
71% of Earth’s surface is covered with water
97% is salt water, 2.6% is freshwater

3. Saltwater is stored in oceans. Freshwater is stored in
icecaps, glaciers,
groundwater, surface
water and water vapor
in the atmosphere.
Most of the freshwater
is frozen solid (2%),
leaving VERY little
available for use.

4. Water is a renewable resource!
endlessly circulated in the water cycle
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5. Paths of precipitated water
run-off – lakes, rivers, streams forming surface water
1. melting ice
2. useful for
recreation,
travel and
drinking

6. Watershed- entire area that is drained by a river
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7. The amount of surface water depends on the amount of rainfall.
OUR SURFACE WATER IS DEPLETING!

8. groundwater water that has soaked into the ground
Water soaks or infiltrates the soil or “recharge zone” and then percolates downward through air spaces between rocks, gravel and dirt.
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9. aquifers
Large amounts of groundwater are found in these areas in underground rock
underground storage for water
drinking water and agriculture
slow to fill, we pump out too fast

10. shortages and conservation
Techniques to prevent water shortages
1. Desalination – removing salt by distillation (boiling) and reverse osmosis (a membrane that blocks the salt).
Both techniques are expensive!
2. transport
3. conservation

12. Ways to conserve water:
using low-flow faucets and shower heads
turning off the tap while you brush teeth or shave
water lawns at night to reduce evaporation
ETC.!
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