1. Protein Synthesis: Translation
Chapter 12 (cont.)

2. Protein Review Proteins are one of the 4 main types of biomolecules
Protein monomers are called amino acids
There are 20 amino acids that are necessary for life
Different proteins consist of combinations of the 20 different amino acids
Think of amino acids as the words and a protein as a sentence

3. Proteins
Your body is composed and run by thousands of proteins. How does it know how to make them? DNA!
Protein synthesis is the formation of proteins using information coded on DNA and carried to the ribosome by mRNA

4. Translation
Is the process of assembling protein molecules using the message of mRNA and the amino acids transported by tRNA

5. Codons
Each 3 bases on mRNA are called a codon, they code for one amino acid
Chart on page 303 is used to decipher mRNA

7. Practice
Use the chart to determine what each of these codons codes for:
1) UGG __________
2) UAC
3) ACC
4) CGA
5) CAA
6) UAA
Tryptophan
*Remember: Always start in the
middle of the chart and go outward!

8. Overhead Transparency model of translation from page 304-305

10. One Big Difference
Remember!!! There is one main difference between base pairs in DNA and RNA
DNA A T C G
RNA U A G C

11. *transcribe = changing DNA into RNA
*translate = coding for the amino acid
More Practice
Given the following sequences of DNA, transcribe them, then translate them. The first is done for you.
1) GCC CGG Arginine
2) AAT _____ _______
3) CCT _____ _______
DNA
mRNA
Amino acid
Use page 303
for translation