1. Photosynthesis and Respiration
Cellular Energy
Photosynthesis and Respiration
Test/SFA: Tuesday 12/13

2. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
All living things are ENERGY DEPENDENT
Autotrophs—able to use light energy to make food
Heterotrophs—rely on others organisms for energy

3. Autotrophs--Photosynthesis
Takes light energy and converts into food
Reactants
Products

4. Photosynthesis Formula
6 CO
6 H2O
C6H12O6 +
6 O2

5. HIGH NUMBER OF CHLOROPLASTS = PHOTOSYNTHETIC ORGANISM!!!
Water
CO2
Carbon Dioxide
HIGH NUMBER OF CHLOROPLASTS = PHOTOSYNTHETIC ORGANISM!!!
Light
dependent
Chloroplast
w/pigment
chlorophyll O2
C6H12O6
GLUCOSE

6. Chemical energy and ATP
ATP (Adeonsine Tri-Phosphate)
Is the principal component that cells use to store and release ENERGY when its broken down
Adenine
Ribose
3 Phosphate groups

7. Where does ATP come from???

8. Cellular Respiration
Cell respiration is the breaking down of glucose and other food molecules in order to release energy, in the form of ATP
Food
Energy

9. Respiration vs. Photosynthesis
Respiration is the reverse reaction of photosynthesis

10. Cell Respiration Formula
The most efficient form of respiration takes place in the presence of oxygen
C6H12O6 +
6 O2
6 CO
6 H2O

11. Where does Cellular Respiration take place?
Cellular respiration begins in the cytoplasm of the cell and ends in the mitochondrion
Mitochondrion converts energy in glucose into energy for cell use

12. Two Types of Cellular Respiration
Anaerobic Respiration
Aerobic Respiration
Can only occur in the presence of oxygen
Produces water and carbon dioxide
Generates 36 ATP!!!
Occurs without the use of oxygen
Produces lactic acid or alcohol and carbon dioxide
Generates only 2 ATP
So….which one is more efficient???

13. Aerobic Respiration 3 Steps
Glycolysis
Kreb’s
Cycle
36 ATP!!
Electron Transport Chain

14. Cellular Respiration Overview
HOW MANY ATP ARE PRODUCED???
36 ATP!!
Electron Transport Chain
In the Mitochondria

15. Steps of Respiration Step Location Reactant Produced Glycolysis
Cytoplasm
Glucose
2 ATP
Kreb’s Cycle
Mitochondria
Acetyl CoA/
Pyruvic acid
CO2
Electron
Transport
Chain
NADH, FADH O2
32 ATP
H2O
36 TOTAL ATP

16. What if there is no oxygen?

17. Anaerobic Respiration—No Oxygen needed!
2 Types of Anaerobic Respiration
Alcoholic Fermentation
Lactic Acid Fermentation

18. Alcoholic Fermentation--Anaerobic
Yeasts and certain other organisms carry out anaerobic fermentation which results in the production of alcohol
Process make, beer, wine

19. Alcoholic Fermentation Formula
yeast
C6H12O6--->CO2 + ethanol + 2 ATP
Makes the carbonation in alcoholic drinks

20. Lactic Acid Fermentation
Lactic acid is produced in your muscles during exercise when your body cannot supply oxygen quick enough to carry out aerobic respiration

21. Lactic Acid Fermentation Formula
animals
C6H12O6 --->CO2 + Lactic acid + 2 ATP
Causes that burning sensation in muscles