1. Plants

2. General Characteristics
Eukaryotic
Multicellular
Perform photosynthesis
Alternation of generations

3. Alternation of Generations
One haploid generation
One diploid generation

4. Alternation of Generations

5. Bryophytes
Liverworts
Hornworts
Mosses

6. Bryophytes Small plants that grow in moist places on land
Damp rocks, logs, forest floor, swamps, marshes, beside streams and pools
Flagellated sperm cells
Lack vascular tissues

7. Tracheophytes
Vascular plants
Adapted to living on land

8. Psilopsids

9. Club Mosses

10. Horsetails

11. Ferns

12. Seed Plants

13. Tracheophytes Protective layer of cells around reproductive organs
Multicellular embryos
Cuticles – waxy covering on outer cells
Xylem

14. Vascular Tissues
Specialized tissues for transporting water and nutrients
Xylem – transports water and minerals
Phloem – transports water and food

15. Xylem and Phloem

16. Gymnosperms
Cone-bearing plants
Produce male and female cones

17. Gymnosperms

18. Angiosperms Flower-bearing plants
Seeds are contained in a protective wall that develops into a fruit

19. Flowers

22. Double-fertilization

23. Parts of Plants

24. Roots Anchor plant in soil or to object Absorb water and minerals
Store carbohydrates, water and other nutrients

25. Root Structure

26. Types of Roots

27. Taproot
A thick root that has smaller, side-branching roots, e.g. cassava, carrots, beets, parsnips and turnips
Used for storage

28. Tap roots

29. Fibrous Roots Made up of many smaller branching roots
All about the same size and grow from a central point
Do not grow as deeply, e.g. grass, strawberries, blueberries, scallions, marigolds and white clover

30. Fibrous Roots

31. Stems
Provide support and attachment for roots, leaves, buds and flowers
Allow growth in length and thickness
Transport water and minerals from roots to leaves
Transport carbohydrates from leaves to other parts

32. Transport
Roots and leaves are connected by vascular tissue: a system of internal tubes
Water and nutrients are transported by two tissues: Xylem and Phloem

33. Xylem and Phloem

34. Xylem Made of non-living cells
Transports water and minerals from roots to leaves

35. Phloem Consists of living cells
Transports nutrients such as carbohydrates to needed areas or to roots for storage

36. Xylem and Phloem

37. Types of Stems

38. Rhizome
An underground, horizontal stem that live through the winter, e.g. irises

39. Tuber
An enlarged portion of a rhizome, e.g. potato

40. Bulb
A shortened, compact, underground stem that is surrounded by fleshy leaves. E.g. onions, daffodils and tulips

41. Tulip Bulb

42. Stolons
Also known as runners – aboveground stems, e.g. clover and strawberries

43. Leaves Capture sunlight for photosynthesis
Regulate temperature via water evaporation
Evaporation helps draw water up from roots

44. Leaf structure

45. Types of Leaves

46. Simple vs compound

47. Vein organization

48. Leaf arrangements