1. Linux Debian Fundamental Class
Penjelasan tentang debian server
Yaniko Dimas Yogo Prasetyo

2. What Will You Get? Linux Basic DNS Server Web Server DHCP Server
Mail Server
Proxy Server
Membahas tentang linux basic
Membahas tentang dns server

3. Objective At the end of this course, the student will:
Be familiar with Linux Debian OS and basic command of Linux
Be able to configure, manage, do basic troubleshooting of Linux Debian OS
Be able to build basic server services, such as DNS Server, Web Server, DHCP Server, Mail Server and Proxy Server

4. MODUL 1 Linux Basic

5. Why Debian? Unparalleled support Easy installation
Incredible amounts of software
Easy upgrades
Stability
Fast and easy on memory
Drivers for most hardware is written by GNU/Linux / GNU/kFreeBSD users, not the manufacturer.
Good system security
Many more…

6. Preparation DVD Source / ISO Debian 6 Server Computer (or virtual box)
Intel x86 : i386 / Intel 64 or AMD 65 : AMD64
RAM > 2GB
HDD > 40 GB
Internet connection > 512 mbps
A cup of coffee or tea 

7. Install Virtual Box

8. Configure Virtual Box Open “Oracle VM VirtualBox”
Then click “New” icon to create new virtual machine
Give your Virtual Machine name, such as “My Debian”
Choose “Linux” for “Type” field, then choose “Debian (32bit)” for “Version” field
Then follow the Wizard

9. Configure Virtual Box
And now, your Virtual Machine is almost ready

10. Configure Virtual Box
Then click “Setting” icon and choose “Network” tab

11. Configure Virtual Box Choose “Bridge Adapter” for “Attached to” field
And choose the adapter which is connected to Internet (Same as your computer connected to Internet)

12. Configure Virtual Box
Then choose “Storage” tab

13. Configure Virtual Box Then choose the CD icon in “Storage Tree”
Click the CD Icon in “Attribute” section and click “Choose a vitual CD/DVD disk file”
And choose your Debian 6 ISO file
Then click OK 1 2

14. Configure Virtual Box
Then click “Start” icon and now you can start to Install you Debian

15. Install Debian 6
When you already start your virtual machine, you can find the option of installing debian

16. Install Debian 6
When you already start your virtual machine, you can find the option of installing debian
And choos “Install” then press “Enter”
And now you can start to follow the wizard

17. Install Debian 6
And now your Debian 6 is ready to use 

18. Topology
/24
Internet
/24
x/25 (dhcp)

19. Basic Setup (Configure Network)
Run this script to setup your new IP Address: # nano /etc/network/interfaces
Then it will show you a configuration file to configure network

20. Basic Setup (Configure Network)
At the section of “# The primary network interface” change the configuration script like below
Then run this script to restart the network service # /etc/init.d/networking restart
# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address
netmask
gateway

21. Basic Setup (Configure Network)
To check the new configuration of your netwok, run this script # ifconfig
New IP Configuration

22. Basic Setup (Configure Network)
Run this script to setup DNS: # nano /etc/resolv.conf
Then write the script with the following format nameserver <DNS Server IP Address>
And you can add more than one DNS Server IP Address

23. Basic Setup (Configure Network)
Now you can test your configuration by doing ping test # ping google.com

24. Basic Setup (Configure APT Package Source)
Run this script to setup APT Package Source: # nano /etc/apt/sources.list
Then write the script with the following format
Then save the configuration, and run the script below to upgrade your package source # apt-get update

25. Basic Setup (Configure SSh Server)
Install SSh Server with the following script below # apt-get install openssh-server then you wait the installing process
Now you can test the SSh Server with Remote SSh Program, such as “Putty”

26. Basic Setup (Testing SSh Server)
Enter the Server IP Address in “Host Name (or IP Address)” section and choose “SSH” for connection type
Then click “Open”

27. MODUL 2 DNS Server

28. Installing DNS Server
Bind9 (Berkeley Internet Name Domain Ver. 9) One of the most popular DNS Server Application in Linux, and most of Linux Distro use it for DNS Server and it’s pretty easy to be configured and understood
You can install bind9 by following this script below # apt-get install bind9 And follow the wizard

29. Configuring DNS Server
There are 4 important files that we will be configured
/etc/bind/named.conf
file forward
file reverse
/etc/resolv.conf
Edit and add some configuration script for “Forward” and “Reverse” in “named.conf” file

30. Configuring DNS Server
Run this script below: # nano /etc/bind/named.conf.local
Then Add this following script to it
zone "debiancourse.com" { //Your domain zone
type master;
file "db.debian"; //FORWARD file location, by default located in /var/cache/bind/ };
zone "192.in-addr.arpa" { //The first IP Address block
file "db.192"; //REVERSE file location, by default located in /var/cache/bind/

31. Configuring Forward File
Run this script below: # cp /etc/bind/db.local /var/cache/bind/db.debian # nano /var/cache/bind/db.debian
Then Add this following script to it
$TTL
@ IN SOA debiancourse.com. root.debiancourse.com. (
; Serial
; Refresh
; Retry
; Expire
) ; Negative Cache TTL ;
@ IN NS debiancourse.com ;add .dot. in every single domain you wrote
@ IN A
www IN A
my IN A

32. Configuring Reverse File
Run this script below: # cp /etc/bind/db.127 /var/cache/bind/db.192 # nano /var/cache/bind/db.192
Then Add this following script to it
$TTL
@ IN SOA debiancourse.com. root.debiancourse.com. (
; Serial
; Refresh
; Retry
; Expire
) ; Negative Cache TTL ;
@ IN NS debiancourse.com.
IN PTR debiancourse.com ;write the IP reversed

33. Configuring DNS Client
Run this script below: # nano /etc/resolv.conf
Then Add this following script to first line
Restart bind9 service: # /etc/init.d/bind9 restart
search debaincourse.com
Nameserver
nameserver
nameserver
nameserver

34. Testing DNS Server
From Debian 6, run this script # ping debiancourse.com
From Windows
First, set your primary DNS to your server IP Address
Then run ping command to debiancourse.com on Command Prompt

35. MODUL 3 Web Server

36. Installing Web Server
Apache 2 One of the most popular Web Server Application in Linux, and most of Linux Distro use it for Web Server and it’s pretty easy to be configured and understood also have a lot of feature inside
You can install Apache2 by following this script below # apt-get install apt-get install apache2 php5 libapache2-mod-php5 And follow the wizard

37. Testing Web Server
After you have finished for installing Apache, you can test your Web Server by accessing your server IP Address or Domain
Access via IP Address
Access via Domain

38. What is Virtual Host?
Virtual hosting is a method for hosting multiple domain names (with separate handling of each name) on a single server (or pool of servers). This allows one server to share its resources, such as memory and processor cycles, without requiring all services provided to use the samehost name.

39. Configuring Virtual Host
In the DNS Modul, we have created a subdomain which is called my.debiancourse.com. Now, we will create virtual host for this subdomain Now, run this script: # nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/my.debiancourse.com
Then Add this following script to first line
#a2ensite my.debiancourse.com
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin
ServerName my.debiancourse.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/my.debiancourse.com
</VirtualHost>

40. Configuring Virtual Host
Now, we will make a directory for subdomain my.debiancourse.com # mkdir /var/www/my.debiancourse.com
Make index page for my.debiancourse.com # nano /var/www/my.debiancourse.com/index.php
Then Add this following script to first line
And now restart you webserver service # /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
<?php
phpinfo();
?>

41. Testing Virtual Host
After you have finished to configure virtual host, you can test your Web Server by accessing your server Subdomain: my.debiancourse.com

42. MODUL 4 DHCP Server

43. What is DHCP?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a network protocol that enables a server to automatically assign an IP address to a computer from a defined range of numbers (i.e., a scope) configured for a given network. DHCP assigns an IP address when a system is started

44. Installing DHCP Server
DHCP3-Server This is the default program of DHCP server for Linux. This program is compatible for all kinds of linux distro
You can install DHCP Server by following this script below # apt-get install dhcp3-server And follow the wizard

45. Configuring DHCP Server
Now, run this script: # nano /etc/dhcp3/dhcp.conf
Then Add this following script to last line
And now restart the DHCP Server service # /etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server restart
# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
subnet netmask {
range ;
option domain-name-servers debiancourse.com;
option domain-name “debiancourse.com";
option routers ;
option broadcast-address ;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200; }

46. Testing DHCP Server
It quite simple to test your DHCP Server, just connect your device directly to Server. And now, look at your network configuration detail

47. MODUL 5 Server

48. What is Server?
A mail server (also known as a mail transfer agent or MTA, a mailtransport agent, a mail router or an Internet mailer) is an application that receives incoming e- mail from local users (people within the same domain) and remote senders and forwards outgoing  for delivery.

49. Installing Email Server
iRedMail This program is more advance from default Server in Linux. It has simply control panel and very easy to deploy
Download the latest stable release # wget
Install package bzip2 # apt-get install bzip2
Extract iRedMail Package # tar xjf iRedMail tar.bz2
Change directory to iRedMail package directory # cd /root/iRedMail-0.8.5/
And now start iRedMail Installer # bash iRedMail.sh

50. Installing Email Server
After you start iRedMail Installer process, your screen will be like this
Then choose “Yes” to continue the wizard installer
After you choose “Yes” option, it will show a new wizard window like this
Then you choose “Next”

51. Installing Email Server
On next wizard, choose “OpenLDAP” option using “Tab” button then click “Space” button to select
Then press “Tab” until cursor appear on “Next” option
And press “Enter” to excecute
Edit LDAP suffix to dc=debiancourse,dc=com
Then press “Enter”

52. Installing Email Server
Specify password for root LDAP
And press “Enter” to excecute
Specify password for MySQL Administrator
Then press “Enter”

53. Installing Email Server
Specify first virtual domain
Fill the field with debiancourse.com
And press “Enter”
Specify password for Domain
Then press “Enter”

54. Installing Email Server
Select all optional components
And press “Enter”
Then it show you a confirmation to installing iRedMail
Then press “y”
Press “Enter”
And it start to download all components

55. Configuring MX Record
Your server is almost ready, now add MX Record in your DNS Forward File
Open DNS forward file # nano /var/cache/bind/db.debian
Add this script on the last line @ IN MX
Restart bind9 service # /etc/init.d/bind9 restart

56. iRedAdmin Control Panel
iRedAdmin is control panel for your server. Now, you can easily manage your server such as managing user and domain
Open iRedAdmin Control Panel by opening this url

57. iRedAdmin Control Panel
Then login to it Username : Password : <your server password>
Now you have entered iRedAdmin Control Panel

58. Adding User
After you enter iRedAdmin Control Panel, now select “Add” menu and click “User”
Then enter your new user

59. Testing Server
After you’ve created at least 2 user for server, now open iRedMail Webmail Page by opening this url
Login with user that you have created

60. Testing Server
Then you compose an to another user that you have created before
In another kind of browser, open IRedMail Webmail. Then login to second user that you have created. And you can find a message that you have sent from first user account

61. MODUL 6 Proxy Server

62. What is Proxy Server?
In computer networks, a proxy server is a server (a computer system or an application) that acts as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers.

63. Installing Proxy Server
Squid A proxy server and web cache daemon. It has a wide variety of uses, from speeding up a web server by caching repeated requests; to caching web, DNS and other computer network lookups for a group of people sharing network resources; to aiding security by filtering traffic.
Install Squid Proxy Server # apt-get install squid

64. Configuring Proxy Server
Open Squid configuration file # nano /etc/squid/squid.conf
Delete command sign (#) in front of this script below and edit if it necessary
For access list, add script below to ACL section
#. . .
http_port 3128 transparent #add “transparent”
cache_mem 16 MB
cache_mgr
visible_hostname proxy.debiancourse.com
acl url dstdomain “/etc/squid/url” #blocked domains
acl key url_regex –i “/etc/squid/key” #blocked words
http_access deny url
http_access deny key
acl lan src / #local IP Address
http_access allow lan
http_access allow all

65. Configuring Proxy Server
Make a blocked site list # nano /etc/squid/url
And enter the site that you will be blocked and save it detik.com kaskus.co.id
Make a blocked words list # nano /etc/squid/key
And enter the site that you will be blocked and save it sex porn
And start # squid -z

66. Testing Proxy Server
Point your browser proxy setting to your proxy IP Address

67. Testing Proxy Server
Point your browser proxy setting to your proxy IP Address

68. Testing Proxy Server
And now open site url that you have blocked before

69. Additional
If you use your Proxy Server, you make as a Gateway Server other than as Proxy Server. You can make a Transparent Proxy with it. Transparent proxy will force every single package to pass through the proxy before it go to Internet
How?
Just add this IPTABLES to your server
# iptables –t nat –A PREROUTING –s /24 –p tcp --dport 80 –j REDIRECT --to-port 3128
# iptables-save > /etc/iptables