1. Earthquakes California Standards 3.a., b., & c.
Alaskan Earth quake 1965

2. San Francisco Earthquake, 1906

3. Kobe Japan

4. The Ring of Fire

5. Earthquakes 1. Caused by forces within the Earth
2. Forces that cause sections of the Earth to move
3. Forces that bend, compress and stretch rocks like rubber bands
4. These forces are called Earthquakes

6. Faults
1. Normal faults
2. Reverse faults
3. Strike-slip faults

7. Normal Faults

8. NORMAL FAULT
Tension Forces

9. Reverse Faults

10. Reverse Fault

11. NORMAL FAULT`

12. Strike-Slip Fault

13. San Andres Fault

14. N
San Francisco
Los Angeles

15. Faults of California

17. Earthquake Information
Seismic wave – a wave produced by an earthquake
Focus – the location within the Earth where the energy from an earthquake is released.
Epicenter – location above the focus on the surface of the Earth.

18. Epicenter and Focus

19. Epicenter & Focus

21. Seismic Waves

22. Seismic Waves and Amplitude
Greater the amplitude the greater the energy.

23. Seismic Equipment Seismic waves are measured by a seismograph.
The greater the amplitude of the wave the more energy the wave has.
It is necessary to have three seismographs to determine the epicenter of an earthquake.

24. Seismic Waves
Primary waves are the fastest waves and are known as P waves.
Secondary waves are the next fastest and are known as S waves.
Surface waves are the slowest and cause the most destruction.

25. Seismic Waves

26. Seismic Waves
Seismograph: instrument that records vibrations in the ground, usually from earthquakes.
Seismogram: a record, on paper, that traces an earthquake as recorded by a seismogram.

27. Seismogram and seismometer

28. Seismometer:a meter to measure an earthquake
Seismogram: a record of an earthquake

29. Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake.
It requires three seismographs to locate the epicenter of an earthquake.

30. Epicenter Location

31. P and S Waves

32. Destruction by Earthquakes
Seismology is the study of earthquakes
Seismologists is a scientists who studies earthquakes.

33. Seismograph is the instrument which records the earthquake.
Richter scale measures how strong or the magnitude of the earthquake. The 1906 San Francisco earthquake was a 9.2 on the Richter scale.

35. San Francisco City Hall, 1906
The End
San Francisco City Hall, 1906

36. Circulation of Molten Rock

37. Circulation of Earth’s Interior Matter

38. THE END. Whole lot’a shaken go’en on!

39. Structure of the Earth