1. BELLWORK: 12/7
Read pages on the long term causes of the Chinese Civil War.
Explain the two sides of the conflict.
Explain social life under Manchu rule.
List five effects of European imperialism in China.
Describe the effects of the Double Tenth Revolution. Did it solve the problems in China? Why or why not?
Who was Sun Yixian? What were his goals for China?
THINKER: In your opinion, what was the biggest problem China faced during this period? Was there any way to resolve it peacefully?

2. The Chinese Civil War (1927-1937 & 1946-1949)
A Civil War Case Study

3. Brief Overview of the CCW
Ideological divisions: (Left vs. Right) between the Communist CCP, and the Nationalist GMD
Both groups originally united in 1922 with support of USSR (overthrow dynasty)
Eventually, communism increased in popularity, which threatened nationalist goals – GMD turned against the CCP in 1927
Fought for control until Japan invaded Manchuria in 1937; resumed post-WWII
Resulted in two states, the Republic of China (ROC) in Taiwan and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in mainland China, both claiming to be the legitimate government of China
Both sides carried out mass atrocities and murders of civilians: death toll ranges between 1.8 million and 3.5 million people
Brief Overview of the CCW

4. Describe the two sides of the conflict.

5. People Involved Mao Zedong Supported by USSR and peasants
Led Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
Supported by USSR and peasants

6. People Involved Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-Shek)
Led Nationalist Party: Guomindang (GMD)
Supported by US

7. Explain social life under Manchu rule.

8. List five effects of European imperialism in China

9. Describe the effects of the Double Tenth Revolution
Describe the effects of the Double Tenth Revolution. Did it solve the problems in China? Why or why not?

10. Who was Sun Yixian? What were his goals for China?
3 Principles of GMD:
Democracy
Nationalism
People’s livelihood (economic reform & land redistribution…. USSR viewed as socialism)
Yuan Shikai

11. Short-Term Causes (pgs. 256-258)
Regionalism
May 4th Movement
Creation of the CCP
First United Front
Northern Expedition

12. Regionalism & warlords

13. May 4th Movement University students burn Japanese goods
Protests against the Treaty of Versailles
University students burn Japanese goods
Student protest during May 4th Movement

14. CCP created in 1921

15. Influence of the USSR & Comintern
Influence of USSR
Comintern
Communist International: organization formed in Moscow in 1919
Goal was to spread communism and overthrow the international bourgeoisie
Funded international revolts to increase communism
Dissolved by Stalin in 1943
Sun Yixian & Jiang Jieshi; founders of the Whampoa Military Academy in Moscow. Funded by USSR & used to train GMD officers

16. First United Front

17. Northern Expedition

18. Break up of United Front & “purification movement”
The former GMD headquarters in Taipei City; seen as a symbol of the party's wealth and dominance

19. Homework: due tomorrow!
Read/annotate pages
Stop at the “Sino-Japanese War”

20. BELLWORK 12/8: Document Analysis FUN!
Read documents A-C on page in CCW packet.
Then, answer questions 1-4 for bellwork.

21. Northern Expedition

22. Immediate Cause (1927): GMD attacks CCP!
What united the CCP and the GMD – fight against warlords – was over
Ideological differences now apparent
Popular support (peasants) for CCP  angered Jiang (support from landlords/middle class)
“Purification Movement:” Massacre communists (1/4 million killed by GMD)
CCP fled to mountains for safety  GMD pursued them  CIVIL WAR!

23. Jiangxi Soviet: Mao est
Jiangxi Soviet: Mao est. communist province & organized idea of revolutionary role of peasants
(Began recruiting and training!)

24. Divisions within the CCP & Mao’s goals
Discuss: How were Mao’s strategies different than traditional Marxism?

25. CCP Fighting Strategy
Mao on Guerilla Warfare
Mao’s Plan for Revolutionary Warfare (pgs )
“The enemy advances, we retreat; the enemy halts, we harass; the enemy tires, we attack; the enemy retreats, we pursue.”
Depending on support, education & training of peasants!
Setting up base areas
Organization phase
Defending the bases
Guerrilla phase
Protracted war
Seizing power

26. Discussion
Explain the causes/effects of the Long March.

27. Five Encirclement Campaign
Jiang’s plan to destroy communists = circle areas of support to cut off supplies and resources.

28. The Long March

29. The Long March became a mythologized episode in Chinese history and a huge morale boost!
Stop at 4:10!

30. Yay Chinese nationalism!

31. Why was the CCP able to survive the first stage of the Civil War?
CCP Strengths
GMD Weaknesses
Long March
Propaganda
Increased support for fighting Japanese & aligning with GMD
Dedicated soldiers
Fighting tactics
Poor treatment of peasants
Lost support for not fighting Japanese
Failure to implement Sun’s 3 principles of democracy
Assumed the US would aide in Japanese loss

32. CCP
GMD
Description
Advantages/ Strengths
Disadvantages/ Weaknesses
Strategies & Goals

33. HOMEWORK
Pages
Due MONDAY!

34. Short-Term Causes (pgs. 256-258)
Why was regionalism a problem? Include warlords!
Describe the Comintern. What was their role in the Chinese Civil War?
Explain the First United Front. Include reasons they united, as well as, reasons they dismantled.
What was the Jiangxi Soviet? How did the GMD attempt to exterminate them? Were they successful? Why or why not?
Describe the strategies of the GMD & Red Army.

35. Review Game: Pig Farm

36. Review Game…. Still thinking of a name
Divide into teams
One person will give clues, the other will guess clues
All terms relate to long/short term causes of the CCW
You cannot spell the word, say any part of the word, act out, point, etc.
Whichever team guesses the most terms correctly in three minutes will win extra credit!

37. United Front

38. Manchu Rule

39. Guomindang

40. Sun Yixian

41. Warlords

42. Peasants

43. Chinese Communist Party

44. “Three Principles”

45. May Fourth Movement

46. Jiangxi Soviet

47. Regionalism

48. Northern Expedition

49. Comintern

50. Mao Zedong

51. Purification Movement

52. Spheres of Influence

53. Red Army

54. Guerrilla Warfare