1. Stem-Changing Verbs (SCV)
A stem-changing verb is a special verb that has a change in the “stem” (part left after dropping the ending).
There are 4 types of stem changes in Spanish:
eie, ei, oue, uue.
There is NO STEM CHANGE IN THE NOSOTROS FORM!
Only one verb out of thousands stem-changes from uue in Spanish: Jugar (to play sport/game).
All ei stem-changing verbs will be –ir verbs.
Sometimes, a verb will have more than one “e”. If this happens, stem change the “e” that is CLOSEST TO THE ENDING.

2. Stem-Changing Verbs (LIST 1)
oue
almorzar- to eat lunch
contar- to count/tell a story
mover- to move
dormir- to sleep
morir- to die
mostrar- to show
costar- to cost
recordar- to remember
volver- to return (place)
devolver- to return (item)
rogar- to pray
encontrar- to find
soñar- to dream
volar- to fly
resolver- to resolve
apostar- to bet
demonstrar- to demonstrate
doler- to hurt/ache
llover- to rain
probar- to test/try/taste
remover- to remove
poder- to be able/can

3. Stem-Changing Verbs (LIST 1)
eie
cerrar- to close
entender- to understand
mentir- to lie
encender- to ignite/turn on
advertir- to warn
fregar- to mop
comenzar- to start/begin
empezar- to start/begin
confesar- to confess
pensar- to think
perder- to lose
preferir- to prefer
arrepentir- to regret/be sorry
heder- to stink
mentar- to mention
merender- to have a snack
negar- to deny
querer- to want/love
recomendar- to recommend
nevar- to snow

4. Stem-Changing Verbs (LIST 1)
ei
repetir- to repeat
pedir- to ask for/order/request
medir- to measure
reír- to laugh
sonreír- to smile
seguir- to follow
servir- to serve
vestir- to dress
competir- to compete
despedir- to say goodbye

5. Stem-Changing Verbs (LIST 1)
uue 1. jugar- to play (sport/game)

6. Notes: Regular Present Tense
The Present Tense is a verb tense that is used to tell what is happening now.
It is very similar to the Present Progressive.
In order to conjugate a verb to the present tense:
a. drop the last two letters from the infinitive
b. add the appropriate ending according to the subject and the type of verb:
ar- verb endings -er verb endings -ir verb endings
yo- o yo- o yo- o
tú- as tú- es tú- es
él, ella, Ud.- a él, ella, Ud.- e él, ella, Ud.- e
nosotros- amos nosotros- emos nosotros- imos
ellos, ellas, Uds.- an ellos, ellas, Uds.- en ellos, ellas, Uds.- en

7. Ejemplos
You all are singing (c) 8. You (fs) are not talking/speaking (h)
Uds. cantan - Ud. no habla
I am writing (e) 9. The girls are not skiing (e)
Yo escribo - Ellas no esquian
The boys are listening (e) 10. Mr. (S) Woodard is not swimming (n)
Ellos escuchan - Señor Woodard no nada
You (fam) are cleaning (l)
Tú limpias
I am not eating (c)
Yo no como
He is not studying (e)
Él no estudia
You and I are not walking (c)
- Nosotros no caminamos

8. Verb List #3 23 septiembre 2008 17. servir- to serve
18. soñar- to dream
19. sonreír- to smile
20. terminar- to finish
21. trabajar- to work
22. usar- to use
23. vender- to sell
24. ver- to see
25. vestir- to dress
26. viajar- to travel
27. visitar- to visit
28. vivir- to live
29. volver- to return (place)
30. devolver- to return (item)
preparar- to prepare
programar- to program
proteger- to protect
publicar- to publish
querer- to want/to love
recibir- to receive
recordar- to remember
recomendar- to recommend
relajar- to relax
repasar- to review
repetir- to repeat
responder- to respond
reír- to laugh
14. rezar- to pray
15. salir- to leave/to go out
16. saltar- to jump