1. ENHANCED ATTENUATION OF CHLORINATED SOLVENTS WITH ETHANOL AND NONIONIC SURFACTANT
Vít Matějů, Robin Kyclt, Alena Polenková*
ENVISAN-GEM, a.s.
*GEOTEST Brno, a.s.,
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2. ENHANCED ATTENUATION Used in many applications
Various heterotrophic substrates employed for elimination of dissolved oxygen and creating anaerobic conditions, e.g.
molasses
lactate
emulsified vegetable oil
ethanol, methanol,
acetate
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3. ETHANOL - ADVANTAGES Ethanol is degraded to inocuous products:
CO2, H2O
Molasses – melanoids, melanins – COD, BOD load of groundwater, brownish color, nearly non biodegradable
Whey – proteins, mineral compounds,
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4. ETHANOL- ADVANTAGES Ethanol acts as a cosolvent
Enhances desorption of sorbed pollutant molecules
Makes pollutants more bioavailable
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5. CASE STUDY I Machine work founded in 1920 Present pollutants:
- chlorinated ethylenes PCE and TCE
- heavy metals Cd, Ni, Cu
- oil hydrocarbons
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6. Contaminated Sites II-Bratislava- 15.6. až 17.6.2009

7. CASE STUDY I Monitoring results:
- dechlorination of PCE and TCE is proceeding - dechlorination products where found
Monitoring parameters
- redox potential
- concentration of dissolved oxygen
- pH and temperature
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8. CASE STUDY I - count of aerobic and anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria
- concentration of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen, orthophosphate phosphorus
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9. CASE STUDY I Ethanol addition
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10. CASE STUDY I After ethanol injection the following changes occurred:
dissolved oxygen concentration was nearly 0 mg.L-1 in all wells
redox potencial decreased to – 256 mV in the mean
bacterial count increased by two orders of magnitude from 104 CFU.mL-1 to 106 CFU.mL-1
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11. CASE STUDY I - REBOUNDING
Ethanol addition
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12. CASE STUDY I Surfactant washing
injection of SUPERNEU® - concentration 7 %, concentration in groundwater 0.05 %
critical miceliar concentration %
12 pore volumes
Concentration of PCE and TCE substantially decreased, c-1,2-DCE is 2500 µg.L-1
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13. CASE STUDY I
Changing conditions to aerobic will increase the dechlorination rate of c-1,2-DCE and VC
Addition of hydrogen peroxide
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14. CASE STUDY II Automotive industry, pollution 50 to 60 years old
Pollutants PCE, TCE
Remediation started 11 years ago by pump&treat
Low well yields - pump&treat not efficient
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15. CASE STUDY II
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16. CASE STUDY II 2001-2002 – monitoring once or twice a year
2004 – Sept. + November – 2 runs of monitoring
2007 – pollutant concentration
2008 – pollutant concentration
2009 – enhancement of natural processes
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17. CASE STUDY II Ethanol addition
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18. CASE STUDY II Ethanol addition
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19. CASE STUDY II Ethanol addition
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20. CONCLUSIONS
Ethanol works well as heterotrophic substrate for control of physicochemical parameters of groundwater
Ethanol injection could be used as a tool for control of biological reductive dechlorination
When injected in low concentration no adverse effect upon bacterial consorcia
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21. CONCLUSION Sequential treatment improves removal of c-1,2-DCE and VC
Anaerobic-aerobic conditions enables to eliminate or chlorinated ethylenes
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22. ANY
QUESTIONS
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23. THANK YOU ATTENTION FOR YOUR
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