1. Making a foldable for STATES OF MATTER
Fold the paper hot dog style along the dashed line
Cut the top flaps along the solid lines to make three flaps

2. Water is made of H2O molecules
Water is made of H2O molecules. What do the molecules look like in each state of matter as it goes through physical changes?

3. Flap 1- ?
Solid
These particles represent Atoms (if the solid is an element) or Molecules (if the solid is a compound)

4. Flap #1- Speed of particles: solid
How are the particles moving?
Tightly packed particles DO NOT move past each other. They vibrate in place.
The animation on this slide is meant to show students that the atoms in a SOLID object are moving, but cannot move past one another.
© 2013 S. Coates

5. The only time particles of matter do NOT move, is when the temperature is absolute zero (-459 F)

6. Solids have a DEFINITE SHAPE
Shape: solid
Take the wooden block- place it in the beaker
Now place it in the petri dish
Can you fit it in the test tube? (Don’t try, just think about it)
What do you notice about the shape of a solid-does it change?
Solids have a DEFINITE SHAPE

7. Solids have DEFINITE VOLUME
Volume: solid
Take the wooden block and place it in the beaker
Now place it in the petri dish
Could you get it into the test tube? (Don’t try, just think about it)
Does the block take up more or less space depending on its container? Has its volume changed?
Solids have DEFINITE VOLUME

8. Examples: Solids Wooden block Marble
Add two more examples of solids on your own

9. Flap 2- ?
Liquid

10. Flap #2- Speed of particles: liquid
How are the particles moving in a liquid?
Tightly packed particles SLIDE past each other.
The animation on this slide is meant to show students that the atoms in a liquid are relatively close together, but slide past one another.
© 2013 S. Coates

11. Liquids have NO DEFINITE SHAPE (they take the shape of the container)
Shape: liquid
Measure 20 mL of water into the graduated cylinder
Pour it into the beaker.
Use the funnel to pour it into the test tube
What do you notice about the shape of a liquid-does it change in each container?
Liquids have NO DEFINITE SHAPE (they take the shape of the container)

12. Liquids have DEFINITE VOLUME
Volume: liquid
Carefully pour the water from the test tube back into the graduated cylinder
How much water is in there?
Have you added/subtracted any liquid to the water? Has its volume changed?
Liquids have DEFINITE VOLUME

13. Examples: liquids Water Juice
Add two more examples of liquids on your own

14. Flap 3 - ?
Gas

15. Flap #3- Speed of particles: gas
How are the particles moving in a gas?
Particles are not tightly packed together, and have so much energy they slip past each other quickly.
The animation on this slide is meant to show students that the atoms in a GAS move quickly and can spread a further distance than the atoms in solids and liquids.
© 2013 S. Coates

16. Gases have NO DEFINITE SHAPE (They take the shape of the container)
Shape: Gas
Observe the following: Does the gas have the same shape in each container?
Gases have NO DEFINITE SHAPE (They take the shape of the container)

17. Volume: Gas
Observe the following: Does the gas fill the container?
What if I change the size of the container? Does the gas take up a different amount of space?
Gases have NO DEFINITE VOLUME (They can expand or compress to fill the container)

18. Think about spraying air freshener or body spray, this fragrant gas will expand to fill a room because gas has no definite volume!

19. Think about passing gas, this smelly gas will expand to fill a room because gas has no definite volume!

20. Examples: gas
Air
Smoke
Add two more examples of gases on your own

21. 4th Phase of Matter: Plasma
Particles are moving so quickly it is hard to see what they are actually doing.
This animation is meant to show students that PLASMA is the phase of matter that is the fastest moving and it is impossible to see exactly how the atoms are moving.
© 2013 S. Coates

22. Examples of Plasma on Earth
Plasma on Earth: lightning, fire
© 2013 S. Coates

23. Phases of Matter Phase Motion of Particles Speed of Particles Solid
Let’s summarize:
Phase
Motion of Particles
Speed of Particles
Solid
Particles vibrate in place
Slow
Liquid
Particles are close, but can slide past one another
Medium
Gas
Particles are constantly moving everywhere
Fast
Plasma
Unknown
Faster than we can see
© 2013 S. Coates

25. Physical Properties of Three States of Matter
Phase
Definite Shape?
Definite Volume?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
YES
YES NO
YES NO NO
© 2013 S. Coates

26. Copper Phases - Solid

27. Copper Phases - Liquid

28. Copper Phases – Vapor (gas)

29. What do we call it when matter changes from one state to the next?
MELT
VAPORIZE/EVAPORATE
FREEZE
CONDENSE
SUBLIMATION

30. 1. A Review of the States of Matter
What phase of matter has the particles with the least amount of motion?
Solid

31. 2. A Review of the States of Matter
What temperature do particles show NO motion?
Absolute zero

32. 3. A Review of the States of Matter
What type of motion do particles have in a gas state?
Very far apart and they move very quickly.

33. 4. A Review of the States of Matter
What properties do liquids and solids have in common?
Definite volume

34. 5. A Review of the States of Matter
What properties do liquids and gases have in common?
Both take on the shape of the container they are in.

35. 6. A Review of the States of Matter
Infer: A scientist places 25 mL of a yellow substance into a 50 mL container. The substance quickly fills the entire container. Is it a solid, liquid, or gas and why?
Gas- takes the shape and volume of the container.

36. 7. A Review of the States of Matter
Why can I smell cookies baking in the kitchen when I am on the other side of the house?
Gases have no definite volume and will fill the container they are in.

37. 8. A Review of the States of Matter
What is the fourth state of matter?
Plasma

38. 9. A Review of the States of Matter
Which description best describes a solid?
It has a definite shape and volume
It has a definite shape but not definite volume
It adjusts to the shape of its container
It can flow A

39. 10. A Review of the States of Matter
In which state of matter do particles stay close together, yet are able to slip past one another?
liquid

40. So HOW does matter change its state?