1. Meat Exports from Ethiopia
Traditionally, live animal exports to the Middle East
Previously also meat exports, including canned meat to Europe
Changes over time due to:
socio-political disruption to production
loss of sea port
increasing SPS demands of countries
including specific disease concerns
rinderpest
RVF
FMD

2. What are the products being exported?
Sheep and goat carcases to Middle East
Beef carcases, esp. to Egypt
Planning to export value added product
deboned cryo-packed beef cuts

3. What and where are the markets?
Resources – 35m C, 42m S&G
Available for export – 325,000 C, 3m S&G
Potential for export – 72,000 tonnes meat
Exports 2002/2003
meat US $2.9 million (1,535 tonnes)
live animals US $0.6 million
informal live animal exports 325,000C; 1.2m S&G
UAE, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, other ME countries, Egypt
Egyptian contracts for 2005
100 tonnes of beef per day
300,000 live cattle
Additional contracts for Egypt and elsewhere (Jordan)

4. Sheep & Goat Meat Exports to Saudi Arabia
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Australia 1 81
301
637
Ethiopia
730
437
532
202 10
India 79
117
118
149
144 50
242
Pakistan 8 13 2 4
153
1,128
1,579
461 39
Sudan
133
333
261 11
368
World 88
137 52
206
285
1,360
1,876
2,498
975
1,054
SHEEP MEAT
28,840
23,940
21,381
17,850
22,311
20,723
22,977
23,169
31,862
26,546
China, Mainland 15 46 25
241
113
Egypt
655
474
280
316
143 53 3 96 67 16 31
France 12 58 56 64 47 49 30
4,577
4,214
2,887
3,241
2,817
3,068
5,476
2,968 28
New Zealand
18,512
20,758
15,481
16,266
20,633
16,853
16,340
22,561
13,486
13,117
111 20 14
290
100
5,290
5,587
5,396
4,975
1,547
5,875
Turkey
3,406
4,768
2,605
1,216
1,856
1,783
1,319
1,012
178
Uruguay
759
968
275 7
57,771
55,197
42,882
39,055
53,300
48,316
51,731
55,359
47,393
45,621

5. Who are the producers in this chain?
Mostly pastoralists in arid/semi-arid areas
Highland animals mostly go into domestic markets
Middlemen are generally small traders but export markets are becoming more organised
Five export abattoirs – several more under construction or planned
Ethiopian and international (importing country) interests

6. Impact on poverty reduction
Livestock sales are almost the sole means for pastoralists to earn income to buy or barter food items
Development of meat exports, with reduced threat of market disruptions, improves security of livelihoods
Government plans to improve efficiency of production – feedlots, ranching
Very significant contribution to national economy
hides & skins are second biggest export after coffee

7. Barriers to trade
Rinderpest – ban on cattle, and beef, to Saudi Arabia
RVF – ban on live sheep and goats to Saudi Arabia
FMD
many countries wont even consider Ethiopia
Russia wants a disease-free zone
Egypt tests all animals for Ab to NSPs
traditional markets have concerns
Generally poor veterinary services
Potential concerns about HACCP requirements
Unsatisfactory trade agreements
Poor internal marketing infrastructure
Bureaucratic constraints
Limited air freight capacity

8. Dealing with the issues
Improving international marketing initiatives
but weak in technical negotiating capacity
Upgrading abattoirs and improving air services
Seeking means to improve veterinary services
increased veterinary and paraveterinary training
donor funded projects (FAO, USAID, UNIDO/Norway)
plans for disease-free zone
some improvement in internal marketing arrangements