1. Islam After Muhammad’s Death

2. Vocabulary Caliph Shi’a/Shiite
Sunni
Leave 2-4 blank lines next to each of these terms (We’ll define them later)

3. Skimming a reading passage
You don’t need to copy this down in your notes

4. Purpose of Skimming & How-to:
Purpose: to get the main ideas of a passage without reading through the entire thing
How to skim:
Read the first and/or last sentence of every paragraph (For a longer reading passage, also read through the first & last paragraphs of the passage)
Look at headings, maps, & charts as you read
Pay attention to any underlined or bold words

5. Practice with pp. 100-101 (textbook)
Instructions:
Skim through pages of your textbook.
Be able to answer the following questions:
What is a Caliph?
Why were the Muslims successful?
What was Muslim rule like?

6. Practice with pp. 100-101 (book)
What is a Caliph?
Title that means “successor” (of Muhammad)
Why were the Muslims successful?
Their armies were disciplined and they had skilled leaders
Byzantine & Persian empires tired from fighting each other
What was Muslim rule like?
Blending of cultures
Jews Christians got special treatment but couldn’t convert others

7. Islam’s Schism: Sunni & Shi’a

8. What caused the schism (split) in Islam??
Guesses? Ideas?

9. After the first 4 caliphs…
Umayyad family took power after death of Ali (Muhammad’s cousin & son-in-law)
Founded Umayyad dynasty (we’ll hear more about them later)
Moved capital from Medina to Damascus
Umayyads’ actions dividing Islam
Some Arabs unhappy with new capital (too far)
Others thought Umayyads abandoned earlier Bedouin ways & too concerned with luxury

10. Sunni & Shiite Sunnis Shiites
Followed Umayyads & accepted rule of elected caliphs b/c they wanted peace
Shiites
Rejected Umayyads & thought caliph should always be related to Muhammad by blood
Ali was the last true caliph
Both Sunnis & Shiites read & followed the Qur’an & Sunnah