1. Infrastructure and Operation Summary
John Osborne, CERN
Report on behalf of FCC Infrastructure and Operation WG,
all FCC study teams
Special thanks to Volker Mertens
FCC Week 2017
Berlin, 2 June 2017

2. Infrastructure and Operation related programme
Overview (V. Mertens, 25‘+5‘)
Monday
Ch. Prasse/FIML
civil engineering
electricity
ventilation
logistics
transport
All sessions
as input
for review
D. Delikaris
cryogenics
Ll. Miralles
operation
reliability
safety
Summary of IO related parallel sessions and posters (J. Osborne, 15‘)
Poster listed in V.Mertens Monday presentation
Friday

3. Civil engineering optimisation and design development (J. L. Stanyard)
“Berlin” baseline 97.75km
Civil engineering optimisation and design development (J. L. Stanyard)

4. Key CE issues and possible solutions
Issue: Tunnel excavation through water bearing moraines
Possible Solutions:
Excavation using a multi-mode earth pressure balanced TBM.
Employ a double-lining method for waterproofing.
Issue: Unavoidable Mandallaz Limestone formation
Drill & Blast excavation method
Systematic exploration ahead of excavation
Issue: Exceptionally deep shaft at point F
Remove shaft
Replace with a shaft of a smaller diameter
Replace with an inclined access tunnel

5. Tunnel Optimistation Tool capabilities and limitations
TOT is only as powerful as the data behind it.
Topographical data is very accurate
Certain areas of geological data more accurate than others.
Interpreted data from existing maps and boreholes.
Site Investigation is required to significantly improve understanding.
Automation of the tool is a possibility but challenging.
Optimisation algorithm such as ROXIE (previously used at CERN for magnet design optimisation) could be used.
The challenge is the large number of variables.
Not all variables are easily quantified.
Potential for automating certain features such as shaft positions once the layout and siting are fixed.

6. Berlin Schematic – Single Tunnel
Secondary experimental Points moved to B & L
Electrical alcoves introduced at 1.5 km spacing
Additional shaft introduced at each experimental point
Beam Dumps both located at Point D
Survey Galleries introduced at experimental points

7. CE Cost and Schedule Studies
Cost & Schedule Study launched in September 2016
Two sets of consultants engaged to work independently.
Phase 1
Cost & Schedule estimate for “baseline” single tunnel design.*
Phase 2 Cost & Schedule implications of variations considered:
Double tunnel design
Shallow option
Alternative tunnel diameters
Alternative shaft diameters
Alternative cavern dimensions
ee machine requirements
Alternative schedule + Inclined access tunnels
Phase 3 Refinement of results from Phases 1 and 2:
Review to include updates made to baselined design.
Incorporate desirable variations from Phase 2.
*Some changes have been made since the study was launched including raising the profile and introduction of third shaft at experimental points.

8. CE Schedule Studies
Close co-ordination with Julie Coupard

9. ee machine CE requirements
Tunnel widening required around points A & G to accommodate ee lattice.
Design is not fully developed: potential for a combination of double tunnel and enlargement caverns to accommodate lattice.
For Cost & Schedule study: 1.8 km of tunnel widening on either side of IPs at A and G considered.
*not the latest ee plot, but the one that was used for initial costing exercise

10. Inclined tunnel possibilities (instead of vertical shafts)

11. Beam Transfer from LHC or SPS
19/05/2017
Beam Transfer from LHC or SPS B B
LHC
LHC 8 3
scSPS
scSPS 5
FCC 1
FCC
Need ~ 1 km straight sections for collimation.
Slope constraints for He flow and transport.
Normal conducting magnets preferred. L L
F. Burkart, W. Bartmann, B. Goddard
Tuesday, 9:35: Injection and extraction insertions and dump lines (F. Burkart)

12. he civil engineering studies : preferred location
Why is experimental point L preferred?
Positives:
Low geological risk compared to other locations, anticipated tunnelling in molasse only.
Close to current CERN site.
FCC ring relatively shallow at this point, therefore shallower shafts.
Remaining problems:
Potential clash with injection lines needs to be studied.
Located inside the FCC ring so integration with other structures to be studied.
Depth below Rhone to be evaluated.
FCC experimental point L.
Civil engineering optimisation for FCC-he (J. L. Stanyard)

13. Tunnel cross section, FCC-hh
Magnets OD 1480 m (all included)
QRL OD 1200 mm (all included)
F. Valchkova-Georgieva

14. Tunnel cross section, FCC-ee
F. Valchkova-Georgieva
Magnet model: A. Milanese

15. Tunnel cross section, HE-LHC
Limited civil engineering
Same beam height as LHC
 Magnets OD ca m (all included) – study in //
QRL (sector shorter than at FCC) OD ca. 850 mm (all included)
Re-routing of services abeam the cryogenics service module not yet studied
Magnet suspended during „handover“ from transport vehicle to installation transfer table
Today: 16 T magnet R&D (D. Tommasini) and other presentations
F. Valchkova-Georgieva

16. Supply and Distribution of Electrical Energy

17. Supply and Distribution of Electrical Energy
-Two approaches adopted
-Estimates are coming down
Two fold approach for total power
Trend is that we are around 400MVA for hh machine

18. Supply and Distribution of Electrical Energy
-3 sources exist
-network capabable
How do we bring power from network
3 sources exist
200MW available power from each source

19. Supply and Distribution of Electrical Energy
4 points on CH side
Environmental aspects need looking at in the next phase of studies
Quite sunstanstial transformers needed up on surface, noisy and ugly, look into dry transformers
-Surface impacts to be evaluated

20. Electrical Conclusions

21. Ventilation Systems

22. Ventilation Systems -main parameters better understood
Temperature requirments and parameters
Cross sectional area 18
Max temp 32deg

23. Approx. Maximum 240 KW from magnets/transmission lines other equipment

24. Ventilation Systems -Many scenarios simulated
Air supply under floor via shafts
In this emergency situation scenario AHU breaks down and smoke or Helium release
Other units at adjacent shafts would have to take over for emergency extraction
Where is fresh air supply ?
Air renewal rates for personal and labour requirements need to be checked. “Lebrun”

25. Ventilation studies : next steps
Design compatible with latest FCC layouts
Wall temperature needs extra study
Fully validate the conceptand go into more detail

26. Logistics
Fraunhoover : Dortmund
Logistics : underground transport : size, speed of vehicles
Thursday 9:35: Logistics : Ingo Ruehl, Matti Tiirakari and Fraunhofer Institute

27. Logistics Several Logistics scenarios being studied
Different logistics scenarios being studied
All coldmass units fabricated/assembled and tested at CERN v All with suppliers
Space requirements, new buildings
In this case four large shafts and surface blds

28. Logistics
Marseille !
Transport to Geneva via road, rail, ships and taking into account vibration limits
Different options looked at using logistics software look into planning for scenarios

29. Cryogenics

30. Cryogenics
Outside colloborations Cryoplants : Dresenden university, CEA Grenoble and with industry
Cooling PhD
Design Pressure impact on heat inleaks Wrolcaw

31. Cryogenics 10 Cryo plants at 6 sites. Each plant approx. 10km supply
Baseline
Liquid nitrogen storage tanks removed in latest, major simplification and cost reduction, more flexibility
10 cryo plants on 6 sites
1 plant 10km of machine

32. Cryogenics Distribution systems now more defined
E.g. Vertical Line C for Liquid Helium transfer added
More refinements, detailed calculations
Now Defined distribution lines vertical shafts and jumper into the machine
Vertical line C has been added to store Liquid Helium at the surface (pipe C in top right corner)

33. Cryogenics 2017 studies: Cyroplants Transient operation Mode
CDR ready to start drafting, one for each machine ee, hh, HE
Substantial progress
Cryoplants
Transient operation mode
800MHz cavities at 2K
Operational margin discussions needed and impact on cost

34. FCC-hh operation schedule and turn-around cycle
Initial operation schedule
Comparison of turn-around times
5-yr cycles
18 m shutdown
1 m yearly stop
1 m commissioning
10 m operation
Same performance including injector chain to achieve targets eg 2 hr turnaroun
3.5yrs of operations in 5yr cycles, limited time for technical stops
Possible to study Large potential to extend time between shutdowns
3.5yrs of operations in 5yr cycle is current goal but there is a large potential to extend the time between shutdowns.
Long setup times mainly due to system failures
 FCC to be designed for utmost availability (fault tolerance or quick repair between runs).
Injection time depends on injector chain availability and beam quality control.
Total of 162 m of physics (p + ions)
6 x 1 wk MD + 1 wk stop per 5-yr cycle
Thursday 15:30: FCC-hh operation schedule and turnaround (A. Niemi/Tampere UT)

35. Availability and Integrated Luminosity Studies

36. Availability and Integrated Luminosity Studies
Luminosity goals very challenging but appear achievable Phase 1 : 1.25
Phase 2 : 5
Phase 1 is 10years
Performance is better than goals 1.25 inverse attobarn both 5 yr runs
5 in each three year runs

37. Availability and Integrated Luminosity Studies
Injection from Superconducting SPS seems promising from availability point of view
Revamped LHC or SC SPS

38. Safety Strategy for CDR, T.Otto
Potential of a substance, activity or process to cause harm
Standard best practices where available to try and render hazards inoffensive
CDR goal is to demonstrate viability of the design, no real show stoppers

39. Safety Strategy for CDR
Example :
Typical chain between technology and the hazard
Typical chain between technology and the hazard
Hazard list is complete

40. Safety Strategy for CDR
If Standard best practice not applicable, this risk assessment method will be adopted
Performance
Hazard Database will be set up
Standard best practice to render hazard inoffensive is on-going or risk assessment for 5% of hazards

41. Radioprotection matters
High-radiation areas
FCC-hh arc residual dose rate
FCC-hh detector residual dose rate
Ultimate, after 5 runs (17.5 ab-1)
1 mSv/h after 1 wk
High levels in forward HC
RP simulations advanced well since room Rome in machine and detector areas
Simulations up to speed with latest layouts
areas with bypass tunnels
Radiation hazards lists (prompt stray
radiation, activated air, X-rays ...
Radioprotection
matters (M. Widorski)

42. Radiation Levels, Angelo Infantino
FLUKA simulations advancing for new layout. Possible extra shielding needed at alcoves.
Very input data is coming out of these studies and will impact on civil engineering
1st calculations show quite good, but maybe more shielding is required

43. Surveying and Alignment, Dominique Missiaen, Mark Jones and Nerea Ibarrola Subiza
Conclsion indicates intermediate shaft 5km
-GPS measurements in CERN area planned for 2017.
-First indications suggest that the 5km intermediate shafts might not be required, but to be confirmed.
-Wire tests in LHC P8 area provided some interesting results.

44. .Conceptual Design Report for I&O matters
1 – PHYSICS 2
Hadron
Collider
Summary
3 – Hadron Collider Comprehensive
Physics opportunities across all scenarios
Accelerator
Injectors
Technologies
Infrastructure
Operation
Experiment eh 4
Lepton
Collider
Summary
5 – Lepton Collider Comprehensive
Documents the performed studies
Material to support the baseline concepts
A basis for the next phase
Highlights remaining work
Lists alternatives …
Accelerator
Injectors
Technologies
Infrastructure
Operation
Experiment 6
High Energy LHC
Summary
7 – High Energy LHC Comprehensive
Accelerator
Injectors
Infrastructure
Refs to FCC-hh, HL-LHC, LHeC
Concise description of main concepts and key points

45. Big thanks to presenters, chairpersons and organisers
Concluding remarks
Impressive progress by Infrastructure and Operation working group
Need to conclude by end of the summer on a Baseline Layout, Cross Sections etc. to allow more in-depth studies which are in accordance with the Performance Based Safety Criteria
Cost and Schedule studies to be further developed
Intensive effort will be required over the coming months to complete the CDR in 2018.
Big thanks to presenters, chairpersons and organisers

46. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION