2. LHC status
Benoit Salvant (Beams department, Accelerator and Beam Physics group) for the LHC complex teams
With many thanks for their inputs to J. Boyd, H. Burkhardt, D. Delikaris, J. Jowett, M. Lamont, C. Schwick, R. Tomás, J. Wenninger
November 30th 2016
LHC status

3. Agenda Performance in 2016 Outlook for 2017 Proton runs
Proton-lead runs
Outlook for 2017
November 30th 2016
LHC status

4. Performance in 2016
Since the last LHCC (report by Giulia Papotti on September 21st):
End of 2.5 km β* physics (2 days)
end of p-p physics run for 2016 (27 days)
2 machine development sessions (9 days)
Technical stop (5 days)
Proton-Lead runs (24 days)
November 30th 2016
LHC status

5. Performance in 2016
Since the last LHCC (report by Giulia Papotti on September 21st):
End of 2.5 km β* physics (2 days)
end of p-p physics run for 2016 (27 days)
2 machine development sessions (9 days)
Technical stop (5 days)
Proton-Lead runs (24 days)
November 30th 2016
LHC status

6. LHC performance: 2.5 km β* physics
Major optics and collimation changes in tight schedule
 Set-up time sessions ahead of data-taking are crucial
 careful setup from injectors
Helmut Burkhardt
November 30th 2016
LHC status

7. LHC performance: 2.5 km β* physics
Quite a few unexpected hiccups on the way
 phase advance, lifetimes, instabilities, background
Running at the limit for several mechanisms due to small beam-beam separation, required many iterations...
…but very good availability!
Courtesy: Helmut Burkhardt, BE-ABP
details in talk at LPC/LPCC meeting on forward physics programme (Oct )
Successful run!
November 30th 2016
LHC status

8. Performance in 2016
Since the last LHCC (report by Giulia Papotti on September 21st):
End of 2.5 km β* physics (2 days)
End of p-p physics run for 2016 (27 days)
2 machine development sessions (9 days)
Technical stop (5 days)
Proton-Lead runs (24 days)
November 30th 2016
LHC status

9. LHC performance: p-p physics
Giulia’s slide at last LHCC:
prediction from BE-ABP and BE-OP (thanks to MD sessions and simulations): - there is enough margin to decrease the crossing angle,
- peak luminosity should increase to cm-2.s-1

10. LHC performance: p-p physics
Last LHCC
1.5 x 1034 cm-2s-1
Reduced crossing angle
1034
BCMS
 It worked!
November 30th 2016
LHC status

11. Integrated luminosity
Courtesy M. Lamont BE-OP
Ingredients for the excellent results in 2016:
High machine availability (many issues fixed, less UFOs and improved cryo tuning)
High luminosity lifetime (correction of tunes, coupling, bunch length)
High peak luminosity (low emittance, beta*, bunch length and crossing angle)
November 30th 2016
LHC status

12. Availability
 More than 50% of the time in stable beams between TS2 and TS3

13. Turnaround time  Many fills with minimum turn-around time
November 30th 2016
LHC status

14. Planned/Unwanted beam dump
More than half of the beam dumps were planned by BE-OP
The optimum fill length was reduced after the crossing angle reduction
November 30th 2016
LHC status

15. Current (known) limitations
Number of bunches:
SPS beam dump for nominal beam (baseline: replacement in EYETS)
Transfer line collimator for BCMS beams (baseline: upgrade in LS2)
Intensity per bunch:
Vacuum near injection kicker (vacuum upgrade planned for the EYETS)
Instabilities along the cycle are under control.
Electron cloud: cryogenic power tuning and new feed-forward has allowed stable operation despite high thermal load to beam screen.
Peak luminosity (for 2017)
Current limit for inner triplets cooling: 1.75e34 cm-2.s-1 (Evian 2014)
 an update is at the agenda of forthcoming Evian and Chamonix workshops
November 30th 2016
LHC status

16. Electron cloud heat load
Courtesy: G. Iadarola
LMC 284
 Reduction of heat load from conditioning the surface is slower and slower

17. Performance in 2016
Since the last LHCC (report by Giulia Papotti on September 21st):
End of 2.5 km β* physics (2 days)
End of p-p physics run for 2016 (27 days)
2 machine development sessions (9 days)
Technical stop (5 days)
Proton-Lead runs (24 days)
November 30th 2016
LHC status

18. Machine Development sessions
Full detuning scheme
ATS optics commissioning for 2017
8b4e to mitigate ecloud effects and 80 bunches to increase integrated lumi
Aperture studies for beta* reach
Understanding of limits from longitudinal and transverse instabilities
And more!
 Important tests during all MDs in LHC and injectors that are used to improve performance in 2017 (and some already in 2016: BCMS and crossing angle)
November 30th 2016
LHC status

19. Performance in 2016
Since the last LHCC (report by Giulia Papotti on September 21st):
End of 2.5 km β* physics (2 days)
End of p-p physics run for 2016 (27 days)
2 machine development sessions (9 days)
Technical stop (5 days)
Proton-Lead runs (24 days)
 Hard work by all teams to fit unexpected activities in the schedule
November 30th 2016
LHC status

20. Performance in 2016
Since the last LHCC (report by Giulia Papotti on September 21st):
End of 2.5 km β* physics (2 days)
End of p-p physics run for 2016 (27 days)
2 machine development sessions (9 days)
Technical stop (5 days)
Proton-Lead runs (24 days)
November 30th 2016
LHC status

21. Ongoing proton-nucleus runs
Courtesy:
J. Jowett, LPC
Ongoing proton-nucleus runs
Proposal for split-energy run discussed at LHCC 24/5/2016 (link)
Very tight schedule with several configurations
5 TeV p-Pb (for ALICE min-bias: very long fills, 37 hours at levelled luminosity)
8 TeV p-Pb (with max energy and luminosity for ATLAS and CMS)
8 TeV Pb-p (reversal requested by asymmetric experiments ALICE and LHCb)
LHCf fill
Van der Meer scans
Progressing well despite significant downtimes (Linac2, LBDS, weasel #2,) thanks to:
Outstanding performance of heavy ion injectors
Fast setup, long fills and better beam lifetime compared to 2013
Peak luminosity is a factor 6 better than design (J. Phys. G 39 (2012) )
Plans for the rest of the run:
Van der Meer scans in Pb-p configuration
Crystal collimation MD
Return to 5 TeV during the weekend is being discussed
November 30th 2016
LHC status

22. Status as of 30 Nov 2016 08:30 Courtesy: J. Jowett, LPC Experiment
Primary goal
Achieved
Additional achieved
5 TeV p-Pb
ALICE (priority)
700 M min bias events
675 M
ATLAS/CMS
0.36 /nb min bias
LHCb
SMOG p-He etc
8 TeV p-Pb
ATLAS, CMS
50 /nb
66,70 /nb
Min-bias in LHCf run
ALICE, LHCb
10 /nb
14,13 /nb
LHCf
9-12 h @ 1028 cm-2s-1
9.5 h
@ 1028 cm-2s-1
8 TeV Pb-p
ATLAS,CMS
50 /nb [100 /nb total at 8TeV]
50,52 /nb
[116, 122 /nb]
13,12 /nb
All requests for 8 TeV run already satisfied
Run will end at 06:00 5 Dec 2016
November 30th 2016
LHC status

23. On schedule! Courtesy: J. Jowett, LPC November 30th 2016 LHC status
5 TeV?
November 30th 2016
LHC status

24. Agenda Performance in 2016 Outlook for 2017 Proton runs
Proton-lead runs
Outlook for 2017
November 30th 2016
LHC status

25. Outlook for 2017 EYETS (for the machine):
One dipole magnet needs to be exchanged  warm up of sector 1-2
Ongoing discussions at LMC on realignment of beam pipes around CMS
Training 2 LHC sectors to higher energy in December
 assess feasibility of running at 14 TeV (2018)
Aspects under discussion for 2017 operation:
New optics (ATS) compatible with HL-LHC
Decrease of Beta* to gain luminosity
BCMS vs nominal production as more bunches could be injected from SPS
Explore luminosity levelling options
November 30th 2016
LHC status

26. Luminosity levelling
 Successful test of levelling by separation in IP1 and IP5 simultaneously
November 30th 2016
LHC status

27. Possible 2017/18 parameters Nominal BCMS BCMS+ Beta* (1/5) [cm] 40 33
Half crossing angle [urad]
185
155
170
No. of colliding bunches
2736
2448
Proton per bunch
1.25e11
Emittance into SB [um]
3.2
2.3
Bunch length [ns]
1.05
Peak luminosity [cm-2s-1]
~1.4e34
~1.7e34
~1.9e34
Peak pile-up
~37
~51
~56
Luminosity lifetime [h]
~21
~15
~14
Naively applying 2016’s overall Hübner factor gives between 45 and 60 fb-1
Final configuration following discussion at Evian and Chamonix
Courtesy M. Lamont, 6th HL-LHC collaboration meeting, 14 nov 2016

28. Thank you for your attention!
November 30th 2016
LHC status

29. Faults Fault Duration = Integrated time logged for fault
Machine Downtime =
Corrects for parallelism
Root Cause Duration =
Corrects for dependencies
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