1. Review on English Grammar/Structure Tenses
Present Continuous Tense
Formula: S + To Be (is, am, are) + VI + ing
An activity that is in progress at the moment
Ex: Nancy is watching TV right now
A general activity that takes place this week, this month, or this year
Ex: I am training for the Olympics
Future arrangements
Ex: I am going to Sweden next winter

2. Review on English Grammar/Structure Tenses
Simple Present Tense: S + VI (+ s/es for: he/she/it)
A habitual action
Ex: He runs every morning
A general fact
Ex: The sun rises in the east
Future timetables
Ex: The ticket office opens at 9.00

3. Review on English Grammar/Structure Tenses
Simple Past Tense: S + VII (VII = VI + d/ed)
An action that began and ended at a specific time in the past
Ex: We won a gold medal last year
An action that occurred over a period of time and was completed in the past
Ex: She skated for fifteen years
An activity that took place regularly in the past
Ex: She trained every morning in the past

4. Review on English Grammar/Structure Tenses
Past Continuous Tense: S + To Be (was/were) + VI + ing
An interrupted action
Ex: I was watching the Olympics on TV when he walked in
A repeated or continuous state in the past
Ex: I was making many new friends in the Olympic Village

5. Review on English Grammar/Structure Tenses
Future Tense (Going to): S + To Be + Going to + VI
Expressing a prior plan
Ex: I am going to go to New York next week
Predicting something that is likely to happen in the future
Ex: We are going to win. I know it.

6. Review on English Grammar/Structure Tenses
Future Tense (Will): S + Will + VI
Predicting something that is likely to happen in the future
Ex: You will win. I know it.
Expressing willingness to do something
Ex: I will go with you if you like
Making a decision at the time of speaking
Ex: I will call you in a few minutes then

7. Review on English Grammar/Structure Tenses
Future Continuous Tense: S + Will + Be + VI + ing
An action that will be continuing at a particular time in the future
Ex: This time next week I will be training for the race

8. Review on English Grammar/Structure Tenses
Present Perfect Tense: S + have/has + VIII
An action that happened at an unspecified time in the past
Ex: I have seen him on TV
An action that has happened recently
Ex: She has just gone out
Repetition of an action before now
Ex: He has been to the Olympics several times

9. Review on English Grammar/Structure Tenses
Present Perfect Continuous Tense:
S + have/has + been + VI + ing
Expressing the duration of an action that began in the past and continues in the present (with “for”, “since”, “all morning”, “all day”)
Ex: John has been swimming for two hours
A general action in progress recently for which no specific time is mentioned
Ex: I have been thinking about competing next year

10. Review on English Grammar/Structure Tenses
Present Perfect Continuous Tense:
S + have/has + been + VI + ing
An action that began in the past and has just recently ended
Ex: Have you been crying? Your eyes are red

11. Review on English Grammar/Structure Tenses
Past Perfect Tense: S + had + VIII
A past action that occurred before another action in the past
Ex: She had just left when I arrived there
An action that was expected to occur in the past
Ex: I had hoped to get their decision before today

12. Review on English Grammar/Structure Tenses
Past Perfect Continuous Tense: S + had + been + VI + ing
Expressing the duration of an activity that occurred before another action in the past year
Ex: She had been competing for six years before she tried out for the Olympics last year
An action occurring recently before another action in the past
Ex: He looked tired because he had been running for six hours

13. Review on English Grammar/Structure Tenses
Future Perfect Tense: S + will + have + VIII
An action that will be completed before a particular time in the future
Ex: By next June I will have participated in four Olympics

14. Review on English Grammar/Structure Tenses
Future Perfect Continuous Tense:
S + will + have + been + VI + ing
Expressing the duration of time that has occurred before a specific time in the future
Ex: By next June I will have been training at this gym for eleven years