2. Kingdom Protista Eukaryotic Most unicellular, some multicellular
Range in size from a microscopic amoeba to giant seaweed
Thought to be the ancestors to all other eukaryotic kingdoms

3. Where are Protists found?
fresh water
salt water
inside organisms

4. Classified by the way they obtain nutrition.
Animal-likeheterotrophs
Plant-likeautotrophs
Fungus-likeexternal digestion

5. 1. Characteristics of Animal-like Protists (aka Protozoans)
Heterotrophs
Unicellular
Classified by the way they move
Ex: pseudopods, flagella, cilia

6. 2. Plant-like protists (aka algae or plankton)
Photoautotrophs
Contain chlorophyll - but no roots, stems, or leaves
Multi- or unicellular

7. 3. Fungus-like Protists Heterotrophs Decompose dead organisms
External digestion, then absorb nutrients
Mostly unicellular
Downy mildew on soybeans
Slime mold

8. Ecological Roles of Protists
Plant-like protists - produce 70% of Earth’s oxygen
Live symbiotically w/other organisms,
ex. Trichonympha live inside termites help digest wood
Fungus-like protists recycle nutrients
phytoplankton and zooplankton - food source for larger sea animals
Human uses of algae - sushi wraps, agar plates, ice cream, salad dressing, medicines, paints, polishes
Cause mildew and blight in grapes & tomatoes
Irish potato famine → immigration to US

9. Disease Causing Protists
Entamoeba – causes amebic dysentery, severe diarrhea and intestinal bleeding that can lead to death
Trypanosoma – causes African Sleeping Sickness, uncontrolled sleepiness, high fever that can lead to death, transferred by the teste fly
Giardia – causes Giardiasis, fatigue and diarrhea due to contaminated food.
Plasmodium – causes Malaria, flu-like symptoms, transferred through infected mosquitos

11. Kingdom Fungi Eukaryotic
Heterotrophs - use extracellular digestion (excrete enzymes and absorb nutrients)
Cell walls made of chitin
Some unicellular (ex. Yeast)
Most multicellular

12. Where are fungi found? Everywhere air, water, soil
people (athlete’s foot, yeast infection, ringworm)
foods (bread-yeast, cheese, mushrooms)

13. Fruiting body – above ground, produce reproductive spores
Hyphae: threadlike filaments (one-cell thick)
Mycelium - a network of hyphae below ground

14. 3 feeding relationships
Decomposers - recycle nutrients
Parasitism - corn smut, mildews, wheat rust, yeast infections, athlete’s foot, ringworm
Mutualism - 2 examples

15. Symbiotic Relationships of Fungus
Mycorrhizae - fungus & plant roots
Fungus covers roots increasing surface area for absorbtion
Plant provides food to fungi
Ex. Orchids
Lichens - fungi & algae
or cyanobacteria
Algae provide food by
photosynthesis while fungi
provides water & minerals

16. Fungi Reproduction
Asexual - through fragmentation (hyphae break off & grow new mycelia) or budding.
Sexual – through spores produced by fruiting body

17. Examples

18. Human and Ecological Importance
Decomposers - Recycle nutrients
Penicilium mold used to create antibiotics
Some used as a food source, ex. yeast