1. Intelligent Transport System Communication Requirements Version 1.0
Document No:
GSC-21_025
Source:
Telecommunications Consultants India Limited (TCIL)
Contact:
Rajesh Kapoor
Agenda Item:
5.04
Assessment of
Intelligent Transport System
Communication Requirements Version 1.0
Rajesh Kapoor, Director(Technical)-TCIL
26-27 September 2017
HOSTED BY

2. Index Assessment of Intelligent Transport System
Communication Requirements Version 1.0
Index
Issues and Challenges of Transportation
Objective of ITS
Application in Transportation requiring communication services
Assessment of Data requirements for V2X communication
Desktop Assessment of Radio Network Deployment Requirements as per Harmonized frequency band ( GHz)
Assumptions for Road network and Vehicle parameters
Assessment of Bandwidth and spectrum requirements
Assessment of short range communication distances

3. Issues and Challenges of Transportation
Overcrowding and High Congestion on Roads
Causing Traffic Jams
increased travel time
Higher energy Consumption
Pollution
Vehicle Health causing traffic disruptions
Safety on roads
Parking Infrastructure
Emergency Services for Health & Policing
Violations of Traffic rules
Rash driving causing accidents
Road maintenance issues causing traffic disruptions
Mixed Traffic of Two wheelers, three wheelers, Four wheelers
Public Transportation Service Delays for passengers

4. Objective of Intelligent Transport System
Address growing need of
Traffic Monitoring
Energy consumptions,
Safety on roads,
Pollution on road,
Overcrowded roads,
Sufficient parking infrastructure,
Reduce Travel time
Ease of travel in public transports etc.
Evolve a Communication Network to address the developing Transportation ICT based application requirements for optimized resource management of time, travel, energy beating congestions and socio- economic Development

5. Applications of Transportation requiring Radio Communication Services
Electronic Toll Collection
Traffic Management
Parking Management
Transport Violation Communication & Penalty Management
Fleet Management System
Emergency and Special Vehicle Movement
Road Infrastructure maintenance & Management
Connected Vehicles System
Connected Infrastructure System
Travel Information System
Separate Detailed Study of the Application architectures for deployments as Public Information Infrastructures needed
Present scope has been limited to assessment of the communication network requirements for Road Transport Applications

6. Limited Communication Parameters
Data Requirements for V2X Communication shall be a few kbits per transaction
Applications
String Length (Bytes)
Limited Communication Parameters
Electronic Toll Collection 41
Vehicle-ID, Vehicle-Type, Toll category, Date & Time, Payment-Mode, Payment-Amount, Status-of Payment, Payment-Booth,
Traffic Management 50
Vehicle-Id, Service-Type (Emergency, Normal, Public transportation, Hazardous material, transportation), Crossing-Id, Distance from Crossing, Next Crossing-Id, Guided Speed of Movement, actual speed of movement
Parking Management
126
Vehicle-Id, Service-Type (Emergency, Normal, Public transportation, Hazardous material, transportation), Allocated Parking Position, Time of Entry, Time of departure, Parking Rate-Fixed/ Time based, Time-unit-of-parking (1/2 Hr, 1 Hr/2Hr, unlimited), Fixed, Parking rate, additional Time Rate, Scheduled Parking time, actual parking time, Parking Charges
Transport Violation Communication & Penalty Management 40
Vehicle-Id, Service-Type (Emergency, Normal, Public transportation, Hazardous material, transportation), Vehicle-Location of Violation, Violation Type, Applicable Rule of violation, cumulative violations, Penalty Charges
Fleet Management System 90
Vehicle-Id, Fleet-Id, Service-Type (Emergency, Normal, Public transportation, Hazardous material, transportation) Vehicle-Source Location, Vehicle Destination location, Start Date & time, End Date and time, Planned route, actual route
Emergency Transport Management
Road Infrastructure Maintenance Management 15
Road-Id, Location of works
Connected Vehicles System 55
Vehicle-Id, Service-Type (Emergency, Normal, Public transportation, Hazardous material, transportation), Distance from Source Vehicle, Message from String, Vehicle speed/ relative speed, Message to String,
Connected Infrastructure System
400
Crossing Id1, Crossing Lat, Long, Crossing-Id2,crossing2-lat,long, Connecting Road-Id2, ……………Crossing-Id10, crossing10-lat,lonconnecting Road-Id10

7. WRC-15 recommended Candidate Spectrum for Harmonization for ITS Applications (between 5 150 MHz and 5 925 MHz)
Frequency Band
Primary Allocation
Co-Primary Allocation
5 150-5 250 MHz
Aeronautical radio navigation service and to the fixed-satellite service (No. 5.447A);
5 150- 5 250 MHz, Mobile service on a primary basis for the implementation of WAS/RLAN applications in accordance with Resolution 229
5 250- 5 350 MHz
Mobile service on a primary basis for the implementation of WAS/RLAN applications in accordance with Resolution 229
5 250-5 850 MHz
Radio location service
5 350-5 460 MHz
Aeronautical radio navigation service (No. 5.449);
Sharing may only be feasible if additional WAS/RLAN mitigation measures are implemented
Earth exploration-satellite service (active) (No. 5.448B),
Space research service (active) (No. 5.448C)
5 460-5 470 MHz
Radio navigation service (No. 5.449);
5 470- 5 725 MHz
5   850 MHz
Radio location service,
Fixed-satellite service (Region1)
5 850-5 925 MHz
Mobile service, Fixed service
Fixed-satellite service;

8. Assessment of Channel bandwidth and Communication Distances for
Radio Network Deployment
as per Harmonization requirements of WRC-15
At GHz for Transportation

9. Methodology for assessment of Spectrum and Communication
Distances for Intelligent Transport system

10. Methodology for assessment of Spectrum and
Communication Distances (Worst Case scenario)
Road Intercrossing distance assumptions (500m)
No. of roads on a crossing assumption : maximum 10 roads
Type of Vehicles on Road assumptions
Type1: Car (3m); Type2: Police Van/ Ambulance(4m); Type3:Bus /Truck(14m); Type4: Large Truck (18m)
Assessment of number of Converging vehicles on 4 lane road Crossing ( )
Data Rate for V2X communication (1 kbps)
Bandwidth Requirements for communication at a Crossing with av. 4 roads ( MHz)
Total Bandwidth / Spectrum Requirements ( 20 – 5 MHz )
Communication distance assessment ( in Meters ):
V2I V2V
Antenna Height 8m :
Antenna Height 14m : to 240

11. Assumptions for assessment of converging vehicles on a crossing
S.No.
Road Assumptions a
Inter-crossing distance : It also denotes minimum inter-crossing distance at which Network Infrastructure , say Base Station will be set up for effecting V2I communication m
500 b
No. of roads on a crossing
no. 10
S.No.
Vehicle Assumptions
Type1: Car; Type2: Police Van/ Ambulance; Type3:Bus /Truck; Type4: Large Truck
Type1:
Type2:
Type3:
Type4: c
Typical length m 3 4 14 18 d
Spacing between vehicle e
Effective Length of vehicle
a+b 6 7 17 21
S. No.
Derivative
No of Vehicles Between crossings
Type1:
Type2:
Type3:
Type4: f
On 1 lane on a Road m
e/a 80 70 30 20 g
On two lanes on Road
no.
2*f
160
140 60 40 h
On 4 lane road
4*g
640
560
240 i
On a adjacent crossings of converging Roads
h*b
6400
5600
2400
1600 j
Converging vehicles on a crossing
j/2
3200
2800
1200
800

12. Assessment of Bandwidth and Spectrum Requirements
Total Frequency Spectrum requirement
Sl.
Item
Unit
Type 1
Type 2
Type 3
Type 4
Assumptions a
Per Vehicle data rate
kbps 1 b1
No. of Converging vehicles
no.
3200
2800
1200
800 b2
Frequency re-use after 3 crossing away from a particular crossing
Derivative
Spectrum Requirement c
Data rate for all Converging vehicles
a*b1 d
Bandwidth required for total data rate - one way communication(kHz)
khz
c*0.2
640
560
240
160 e
d*2
1280
1120
480
320 f
Bandwidth on two road (MHz)
Mhz
1.28
1.12
0.48
0.32 i
So, no. of adjacent crossings having unique frequencies 4 j
Total Bandwidth requirement
j*i
5.12
4.48
1.92 k
No. of Roads at a crossing ( considering majority scenario) l
Total Bandwidth / Frequency Spectrum requirement for all Road Crossings
j*k
20.48
17.92
7.68
Say
MHz 20 18 8 5

13. V2X Communication Range at 5.850 - 5.925 GHz
The communication ranges, as shown in detail in subsequent slides, have been calculated in different topographical regions using SUI Model with Correction Factors Path Loss Propagation model This Model has been reported to produce most realistic pathloss results at this frequency band Based on the pathloss calculations used in this model, detailed link budget calculations have been made to calculate various communication ranges The Model is based on certain Assumptions / validity parameters as below:- 1
f : Operating Frequency ; in MHz
: 2,000 MHz upto 11,000 MHz 2
d0 : Minimum distance between base station and receiver
: 100 meter 3
hb : base station height , in meter
: 10 m to 80 m 4
s : shadowing effect ;
: 8.2 db db 5
h : Receiver Antenna Height ;
: 2 m - 10 m 6
Environment / Terrain Region a.
Category A : Hilly terrain with moderate-heavy tree densities , which results maximum path loss b.
Category B : Hilly terrain but rare vegetation , or high vegetation but flat terrain, which results intermediate path loss c.
Category C : mostly flat terrain with light tree densities , which results minimum path loss

14. V2X Communication Range at 5.850 - 5.925 GHz
Considering System Link Margin of 15 dB
Main Communication Parameters (V2I)
Base Station
Vehicle
TX Power
33 dBm ( 2W)
14 dBm(0.025 W)
TX Antenna Gain (Omni)
20 dBi
6 dBi
Receiver Sensitivity
-115 dBm
-102 dBm
Communication Range (V2I) with Base Station Antenna on
Sign Board( Height 8 Meter)
Light Pole( Height 14Meter)
Vehicle
Type
Vehicle Height (m)
Minimum Communication Range (V2I)
Cat A Area (m)
Cat B Area (m)
Cat C Area (m)
Sign Board
Pole
Car 3
470
590
500
680
560
810
Police / Ambulance
3.7
490
610
520
700
600
890
Bus /Truck
5.5
530
66O
770
1050
Large Truck 7
550
690
580
750
1150
Note - System margin of 15 dB kept in link design is expected to take care of the two cases of "Almost single hop".

15. V2V Communication range at 5.850 - 5.925 GHz
Considering System Link Margin of 15 dB
Main Communication Parameters (V2V)
Base Station
Vehicle
TX Power
N.A.
14 dBm
TX Antenna Gain (Omni)
6 dBi
Receiver Sensitivity
-102 dBm
Communication Range (V2V)
Vehicle
Minimum Communication Range (V2V)
Type
Height (m)
Cat A Area (m)
Cat B Area (m)
Cat C Area (m)
Car 3
140
Value more than that in Cat A.
Value more than that in Cat B.
Police / Ambulance
3.7
150
Bus /Truck
5.5
170
Large Truck 7
190
240
Note - In case of V2V where value is not given, please refer Slide on SUI Model Assumptions

16. Communication Range (m)
Conclusion
Range of Communication with System Link Margin 15 dB at GHz
Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) Communication
Communication Parameters (V2I)
Communication Range (m)
Base Station
Vehicle
Area
Sign Board (Height 8 M)
Light Pole (Height 14M)
TX Power
33 dBm
14 dBm
Cat A
470 – 550
TX Antenna Gain (Omni)
20 dB
6 dBi
Cat B
Receiver Sensitivity
-115 dBm
-102 dBM
Cat C
Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) Communication
Communication Parameters (V2V)
Communication Range ( m)
Base Station
Vehicle
Area
Range
TX Power
N.A.
14 dBm
Cat A
TX Antenna Gain (Omni)
6 dBi
Cat B
> Cat A range
Receiver Sensitivity
-102 dBM
Cat C
240 (max)

17. Comments / Recommendations on Results
Conclusion Range of Communication with System Link Margin 15 dB at GHz
Comments / Recommendations on Results 1
The SUI model defines territories as Category-A , B , C where as some models define territories as Urban, Semi-Urban, Rural. The pathloss is in descending order in both the cases. The model has also been tested in the latter type of territories with satisfactory results. As such, Cat A region may be treated as Urban region and so on. 2
Shadowing effect taken worst case of 10.6 db for Cat A region and best case of 8.2 db for Cat C region. Mid value considered for Cat B region. 3
In case of V2I, the Range calculations in case of 8m TX height suffer from some error as min. TX height specified in SUI Model is 10 m. TX height. However, given the fact that System Margin of 15 dB has been considered in overall Link Budget, the system performance may be satisfactory subject to Trial Evaluations. The Single hop situation is also likely to be achieved for all types of vehicles. 4
The Range calculations in case of 14m TX height do not suffer from above-mentioned error and, therefore, the System performance is certain to be better than that in first case. 5
In case of v2v communication, the model formulas present errors, due to large deviations from the standard Assumption of min. TX height of 10 m. The error is the most in case of lowest height type of vehicles , say, Cars of considered height of 3 m.

18. Spectrum Requirements for Different Data Rates
Conclusion
Spectrum Requirements for Different Data Rates
Maximum No. of incoming Vehicles per crossing for 500 M inter-crossing distance :3200
S.No.
Data Rate of each Vehicle
No. of incoming Vehicles per crossing for 500 M inter-crossing distance
Bandwidth Requirement considering Frequency Re-use after 3 cells 1
1 Kbps
3200
20 MHz 2
5 Kbps
100 MHz 3
10 Kbps
200 MHz …
64 Kbps
1280 MHz

19. Thank you For more information, please contact: Rajesh Kapoor
Address: